债权人代位之诉的程序检讨——以《民法典合同编通则解释》第35—39条为中心  

作　　者：段厚省[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学法学院

出　　处：《法治现代化研究》2024年第5期149-165,共17页Law and Modernization

摘　　要：最高人民法院《民法典合同编通则解释》中有关债权人代位之诉的程序问题,仍有继续探讨的余地,这些程序问题均与诉讼标的有一定的相关性。债权人代位之诉应以债务人针对相对人的次债权作为诉讼标的,不应排除协议管辖和仲裁管辖;债务人的诉讼地位可列为无独立请求权第三人,且应赋予其上诉权利;应慎重处理债权人代位之诉中诉的分割与合并问题,限制债权人在诉讼中的程序与实体处分权;当债权人对债务人的债权不能满足代位之诉的要求时,应以裁定驳回起诉;当债务人针对相对人的债权不能满足代位之诉的要求时,应以判决驳回诉讼请求。应在司法解释中对民法典中有关代位之诉的条文漏洞进行填补,对民事诉讼法中有关无独立请求权第三人的条文漏洞进行填补。The procedural issues related to creditor's subrogation claims in the Supreme Court's Interpretation of the General Provisions of the Contract Section still warrant further discussion.These procedural issues are somewhat related to the subject matter of the lawsuit.A creditor's subrogation claim should use the secondary claim that the debtor has against a third party as the subject matter of the lawsuit,without excluding agreed jurisdiction and arbitration jurisdiction.The debtor's litigation status can be listed as a third party without independent claims,and they should be granted the right to appeal.Careful consideration should be given to the issues of splitting and combining claims in creditor's subrogation claims,and restrictions should be placed on the creditor's procedural and substantive disposal rights in the litigation.If the creditor's claim against the debtor does not meet the requirements for a subrogation claim,the lawsuit should be dismissed by ruling.If the debtor's claim against the third party does not meet the requirements for a subrogation claim,the lawsuit request should be dismissed by judgment.Judicial interpretations should address the loopholes in the Civil Code regarding subrogation claims and fill in the loopholes in the Civil Procedure Law regarding third parties without independent claims.

关 键 词：债权人代位权 管辖 部分请求 诉的合并 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]