2022年甘肃省庆阳市克山病现患病例流行病学和临床特征分析  

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Keshan disease current cases in Qingyang City,Gansu Province in 2022

作　　者：罗静[1] 王芸[2] 李萍[3] 孙小亮[1] 邓惠心[1] 杨倩 虎昭言 高媖 Luo Jing;Wang Yun;Li Ping;Sun Xiaoliang;Deng Huixin;Yang Qian;Hu Zhaoyan;Gao Ying(Department for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Qingyang City Center for Disease Prevention and Control(Municipal Health Supervision Institute),Qingyang 745000,China;Department for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Qingyang City Center for Disease Prevention and Control(Municipal Health Supervision Institute),Qingyang 745000,China;Department for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]庆阳市疾病预防控制中心(市卫生监督所)地方病防制科,庆阳745000 [2]庆阳市疾病预防控制中心(市卫生监督所)传染病防制科,庆阳745000 [3]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心地方病防制所地方病防制科,兰州730000

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2024年第12期968-971,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金(23JRRA1795);甘肃省软科学专项——自选项目(24JRZM007)

摘　　要：目的调查甘肃省庆阳市克山病现患病例流行病学和临床特征。方法自庆阳市疾病预防控制中心数据库,收集2022年1-12月庆阳市克山病病区村全覆盖监测数据。回顾性分析132例克山病现患病例的流行病学分布和临床表现(心电图描记、心功能分级、胸部X线、心脏B型超声检查等)。结果132例克山病现患病例中,潜在型5例、慢型127例,当年新检出病例25例;男女性别比为1.03∶1.00(67∶65),年龄[中位数(四分位数间距)]为62(12)岁。现患病例最多的地区为合水县,克山病现患率为3.37/万;较少的地区为西峰区和镇原县,克山病现患率分别为0.08/万、0.03/万。现患病例心电图异常以T波和(或)ST段改变为主,共78例,占总病例数的59.09%;心功能Ⅱ级及以上患者124例,占总病例数的93.94%;B型超声和胸部X线检查结果显示,心脏增大患者107例,占总病例数的81.06%。结论庆阳市克山病现患病例以老年慢型为主,男女发病均衡,地域分布有差异。患者心电图异常常见,心功能多受损。鉴于致病因子持续存在,需继续监测,以实现早期干预,改善预后。Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Keshan disease current cases in Qingyang City,Gansu Province.Methods Full coverage monitoring data of all Keshan disease affected villages in Qingyang City from January to December 2022 were collected from the database of the Qingyang City Center for Disease Prevention and Control.A retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze the epidemiological distribution and clinical manifestations(including electrocardiography,classification of cardiac function,chest X-ray,B-mode ultrasound of the heart,etc)of 132 current cases of Keshan disease.Results Among the 132 current cases of Keshan disease,there were 5 cases of latent type and 127 cases of chronic type,and 25 new cases were identified in 2022;with a male-to-female ratio of 1.03∶1.00(67∶65),a median age of 62 years(interquartile range of 12).The area with the highest number of current cases was Heshui County,with a Keshan disease incidence rate of 3.37/10000;the lower areas were Xifeng District and Zhenyuan County,with a Keshan disease incidence rate of 0.08/10000 and 0.03/10000,respectively.The abnormal electrocardiogram of the current cases was mainly characterized by T-wave and/or ST-segment changes,with a total of 78 cases,accounting for 59.09%of the total cases.Heart function impairment(gradeⅡand above)was found in 124 cases,accounting for 93.94%.The results of B-mode ultrasound and chest X-ray examination showed that there were 107 cases of heart enlargement,accounting for 81.06%of the total cases.Conclusions The Keshan disease current cases in Qingyang City are predominantly chronic in elderly,with a balanced gender distribution but regional distribution differences.Abnormal electrocardiogram is common in patients,and their cardiac function is often impaired.Given the persistent presence of pathogenic factors,continued monitoring is necessary to achieve early intervention and improve prognosis.

关 键 词：克山病 分布 病情 分析 

分 类 号：R541.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病]