中共创建时期大城市职工状况的分析——以北京劳动界为例  

Workers in Large Cities before Founding of the Party—Taking the Beijing Labor Community as an Example

作　　者：谢荫明 Xie Yinming

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《中共创建史研究》2024年第1期10-22,共13页CPC Founding History Studies

摘　　要：中国共产党产生的阶级基础是中国近代产业工人,在中共早期组织产生的地区,工人的增加和斗争的开展,是一个重要的因素。分析20世纪20年代北京的工人状况,可以分为传统职业劳工和近代产业工人两大部分。前者为大多数,有30万人左右,后者有2万多人。他们都受着帝国主义、封建主义和官僚资本主义的压迫,进行过各种各样的斗争,二者有联系和共同点。但二者又是不同的,区别在于出现的时间长短、人数多少、人员构成、来源、技术水平、历史作用和社会影响等各个方面。传统职业劳工是一支庞大的队伍,是反对帝国主义和封建主义统治的重要力量,但他们受传统制约和影响较大,在接受先进思想的指导方面有不少的困难与障碍,因此在他们中间产生不了先进的无产阶级政党。近代产业工人是中国共产党成立的阶级基础,这是在实践和理论上都被证明了的社会发展的史实和规律。The emergence of a community of industrial workers paved the way for the establish-ment of the Chinese Communist Party.The increase in the number of workers and their struggles in the regions where the earliest organizations of the Chinese Communist Party emerged contribu-ted to this process.In the 1920s,there were two major categories of workers in Beijing:tradi-tional professional laborers and modern industrial workers.The former comprised approximately 300,000 individuals,while the latter exceeded 20,000.They were both oppressed by imperialism,feudalism,and bureaucratic capitalism and engaged in a variety of struggles.Nevertheless,the two groups were fundamentally distinct,as evidenced by differences in a variety of aspects,inclu-ding the history of their emergence,the number of people,their backgrounds,the level of pro-ductivity,their role and influence.Large in number,traditional professional laborers were an im-portant force in the fight against imperialism and feudalism;however,they were more constrain-ed and influenced by numerous traditions,and they encountered many challenges and obstacles in accepting advanced ideological guidance.For this reason,they were incapable of producing an advanced proletarian party.It is a historical fact and a law of social evolution that the modern in-dustrial workforce was the pillar upon which the CPC was founded.

关 键 词：中共阶级基础 北京劳动界 传统职业劳工 近代产业工人 联系和区别 

分 类 号：D231[政治法律—政治学] D412[政治法律—中共党史]