析氢电极镍钼镀层的开裂原因和新解决方法  

Cracking causes and new solutions of Ni-Mo coating on hydrogen evolution electrode

作　　者：周卫珊 闵洛夫 陈亚楠 张文[1] 许莉[1] 王宇新[1] ZHOU Weishan;MIN Luofu;CHEN Yanan;ZHANG Wen;XU Li;WANG Yuxin(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]化学工程联合国家重点实验室,天津市膜科学与海水淡化技术重点实验室,天津大学化工学院,天津300350

出　　处：《化学工业与工程》2024年第5期35-42,共8页Chemical Industry and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22078233);天津市海洋局科技项目(19-3BC2014-01)

摘　　要：在碱性电解水制氢领域,电镀镍钼合金电极因析氢活性高、制备简单而备受关注。然而,广泛存在的镍钼镀层开裂和脱落现象严重影响了电极的性能和稳定性。旨在探究镍钼电极镀层开裂脱落的机理并提出避免镀层开裂的新方法。通过对镀层中气泡析出的观察、裂纹的监测及电化学测量,揭示了镍钼镀层开裂的原因是随金属电沉积进入镀层内部的氢的释放而导致的镀层收缩和内部应力;进而提出一种低镀液浓度和大电流密度的镍钼电沉积新方法。所得新电极未见开裂,并且在1 mol·L^(-1)KOH碱液中400 mA·cm^(-2)电流密度下过电位仅有260 mV,比易开裂的镍钼镀层电极降低了55 mV。新方法不仅有效解决了镍钼镀层的开裂脱落问题,还提升了其析氢性能。In the field of hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis,electroplated nickel-molybdenum alloy electrodes have attracted much attention because of their high hydrogen evolution activity and simple preparation.However,the widespread cracking and peeling off of the nickel-molybdenum plating seriously affects the performance and stability of the electrode.The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism of cracking and peeling of nickel-molybdenum electrodes and to propose a new method to avoid the cracking of the plating layer.Through the observation of bubble precipitation,crack monitoring and electrochemical measurements in the plating layer,this paper reveals that the reason of cracking of nickel-molybdenum plating layer is the shrinkage of the plating layer and the internal stress due to the release of hydrogen that enters the plating layer with the electrodeposition of the metal.A new method of nickel-molybdenum electrodeposition with low bath concentration and high current density is then proposed.The new electrodes did not crack and the overpotential was only 260 mV at 400 mA·cm^(-2) current density in 1 mol·L^(-1) KOH alkaline solution,which was 55 mV lower than that of the nickel-molybdenum coating electrode which are susceptible to cracking.The new method not only solves the cracking and peeling problem of nickel-molybdenum electrodeposition,but also improves its hydrogen precipitation performance.

关 键 词：镍钼合金 裂纹 解决方法 析氢电极 碱性水电解 

分 类 号：TQ151.1[化学工程—电化学工业]