2022年郑州市第十五人民医院院内感染情况及致病菌耐药性分析  

Nosocomial Infection and Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Zhengzhou Fifteenth People's Hospital in 2022

作　　者：蒋英杰 刘丽君 张楠 刘诺诺 JIANG Yingjie;LIU Lijun;ZHANG Nan;LIU Nuonuo(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Zhengzhou Fifteenth People's Hospital,Henan Zhengzhou 450041)

机构地区：[1]郑州市第十五人民医院检验科,河南郑州450041

出　　处：《深圳中西医结合杂志》2024年第21期28-31,共4页Shenzhen Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

摘　　要：目的:分析郑州市第十五人民医院2022年院内感染的特点及致病菌的耐药性。方法:统计2022年郑州市第十五人民医院各临床科室院内感染的发生情况,分析院内感染患者的分布,统计“三管”使用与对应院内感染的情况。统计多重或泛耐药菌的检出例次,并分析院内感染的多重耐药菌科室分布、患者部位分布。比较2021年、2022年院内感染例次率、多重耐药菌导致的院内感染比例。结果:2022年院内感染发生例次率为0.23%,老年医学科发生院内感染例次率最高;院内感染部位例次中,下呼吸道最多,其次泌尿道,最后血液;“三管”引起的院内感染患者中,呼吸机相关性肺炎0.88%、导管相关性尿路感染0.27%、导管相关性血流感染为0.00%。多重耐药菌导致的院内感染者14例次,致病菌有产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)细菌、耐碳青霉烯类抗菌药物肠杆菌科细菌(CRE)、多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌(MDRP)、耐碳青霉烯类抗菌药物鲍曼不动杆菌(CR-AB)及耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA);神经功能外科、重症医学科最易发生多重耐药菌所致的院内感染,感染常见部位仍为下呼吸道。2022年院内感染例次率低于2021年,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:2022年郑州市第十五人民医院院内感染较多发生于老年科、重症医学科等患者高龄、病情危重、免疫力低下的科室,多重耐药菌院内感染好发科室则集中于重症医学科、神经功能外科,多重耐药菌仍是常见的产ESBLs细菌、MDRP等,对于容易发生院内感染的科室应着重进行医院感染管理及病原菌监测。Objective To analyze the characteristics of nosocomial infections and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Zhengzhou Fifteenth People's Hospital in 2022.Methods The incidence of nosocomial infection in various clinical departments of Zhengzhou Fifteenth People's Hospital in 2022 was analyzed,the distribution of nosocomial infection patients was analyzed,and the use of"three types of tubes"and corresponding nosocomial infection were analyzed.The cases of multidrug-resistant or pandrugresistant bacteria were counted,and the distribution of multidrug-resistant bacteria in departments and patient sites of nosocomial infections were analyzed.The case rate of nosocomial infection and the proportion of nosocomial infection caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria in 2021 and 2022 were compared.Results The incidence rate of nosocomial infection in 2022 was 0.23%,the highest in geriatrics.In the cases of nosocomial infection,the lower respiratory tract was the most common,followed by urinary tract and blood.Among the patients with nosocomial infection caused by"three types of tubes",ventilator-associated pneumonia was 0.88%,catheter-associated urinary tract infection was 0.27%,and catheter-associated bloodstream infection was 0.00%.There were 14 cases of hospital infection caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria,The pathogenic bacteria were extended-spectrum β-lactamase(ESBLs)producing bacteria,carbapenem-resistant bacteria Enterobacteriaceae(CRE),multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa(MDRP),carbapenem-resistant antibiotic Acinetobacter baumannii(CR-AB)and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).The nosocomial infection caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria was most likely to occur in neurofunctional surgery and intensive care medicine,and the common infection site was still lower respiratory tract.The rate of nosocomial infection in 2022 was lower than that in 2021,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion In 2022,nosocomial infections in the Zhengzhou Fifteenth People's Hos

关 键 词：院内感染 耐药性分析 产超广谱Β-内酰胺酶细菌 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]