钛对球墨铸铁显微组织与低温性能的影响  

Effect of Titanium on Microstructure and Low Temperature Properties of Ductile Iron

作　　者：姜少宁 朱晓宇[2,3] 林江海 孙中恒 夏玉海 杨帅 刘文俊 王朝峰 王雪松 JIANG Shao-ning;ZHU Xiao-yu;LIN Jiang-hai;SUN Zhong-heng;XIA Yu-hai;YANG Shuai;LIU Wen-jun;WANG Chao-feng;WANG Xue-song(Shantui Construction Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Jining 272073,Shandong,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250353,Shandong,China;Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research,Jinan 250031,Shandong,China;Zaozhuang Shengda Precision Casting Co.,Ltd.,Zaozhuang 277400,Shandong,China;Taian Wanchuan Electrical Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Taian 271200,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山推工程机械股份有限公司,山东济宁272073 [2]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院),机械工程学院,山东济南250353 [3]山东省机械设计研究院,山东济南250031 [4]枣庄市胜达精密铸造有限公司,山东枣庄277400 [5]泰安万川电器设备有限公司,山东泰安271200

出　　处：《铸造》2025年第1期26-32,共7页Foundry

基　　金：山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2022TSGC2411,2023TSGC0585);山东省工程机械智能装备创新创业共同体重点项目(GTT202110,GTT20220209);齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)—枣庄市产学研协同创新基金项目(2021CXY-10);校级大学生创新训练项目。

摘　　要：球墨铸铁具有加工性好、成本低廉等优点,但其强度和韧性不能共存,严重限制了其低温应用。本研究采用树脂砂铸造工艺,通过添加合金元素Ti在球墨铸铁中形成TiC颗粒,制备了制氧机壳体铸件。分析了铸件材料的组织、成分和力学性能。结果表明,当Ti含量为0.03%(质量分数)时,球墨铸铁中形成细小的TiC颗粒,没有影响石墨球化,球化率达到94%,符合组织要求。拉伸试验表明,该铸件材料的强度和伸长率较QT400-18球墨铸铁分别提高了5%以上和22.8%,此外,室温冲击吸收功为17 J,高于QT400-18;低温冲击韧性较好,-20℃、-40℃冲击吸收功分别提高了10%和8%。这说明添加0.03%的Ti可以提高球墨铸铁的性能,根据晶格错配度理论讨论了强韧化机理。Ductile iron has the advantages of good machinability and low cost.However,the strength and toughness of ductile iron could not coexist,which seriously limits its application,especially at low temperature.In this study,the oxygenerator shell was prepared by resin-binded sand casting process,in which,the TiC particles were formed by the addition of element Ti.The microstructure,composition and mechanical properties of the casting materials were analyzed.The results show that when the addition of Ti is 0.03%(mass fraction),fine TiC particles are formed in the ductile iron and do not affect nodulizing of ductile iron at the same time,and the nodulizing rate of graphite is 94%,meeting the microstructure requirements.Tensile tests show that the strength and elongation of the casting material are more than 5% and 22.8%,respectively,higher than that of QT400-18 ductile iron.In addition,the impact absorbing energy at room temperature is 17 J,which is higher than that of QT400-18.The impact toughnesses are better at lower temperatures,increasing by 10% and 8% at -20℃ and -40℃,respectively.It is indicated that adding 0.03%Ti can improve the mechanical properties of ductile iron.The strengthening and toughening mechanismes are discussed according to the theory of lattice mismatch.

关 键 词：球墨铸铁 碳化钛颗粒 强韧化 晶格错配 

分 类 号：TG143.5[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]