家蚕长蛹期基础材料“8728”的选育  

Breeding of Basic Material"8728"for Long Pupal Stage in Silkworm

作　　者：彭云武[1] 孟刚[1] 刘汉安 楚渠[1] 凌君 PENG Yunwu;MENG Gang;LIU Hanan;CHU Qu;LING Jun(Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Sericulture,Ankang University,Ankang,Shaanxi 725000,China;Shaanxi Silkworm Seed Farm Co.,Ltd.,Ankang,Shaanxi 725000,China)

机构地区：[1]安康学院陕西省蚕桑重点实验室,陕西安康725000 [2]陕西省蚕种场有限公司,陕西安康725000

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2025年第1期1-3,36,共4页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划“长蛹期野桑蚕的蛹滞育基因定位克隆”(2023-JC-YB-206)。

摘　　要：利用长蛹期野桑蚕与家蚕杂交可以选育蛹期发育,本研究选用比生产上使用的家蚕品种延长10 d以上的家蚕育种。春蚕期利用YSCAK8野桑蚕×872A(YSCAK8野桑蚕当年春季结的茧,该雌蛾的蛹期20 d)进行杂交,当年秋季饲养杂交一代,结茧化蛾后回交YSCAK8野桑蚕(YSCAK8野桑蚕蛾为同年春季结的茧,该蛾的蛹期122 d)雄蛾。从回交一代开始,选蛹期长的材料自交留种,经过9代的连续定向培育和选择,使控制杂交材料蛹期的基因得到充分的累加,选育成长蛹期基础材料8728,其蛹在18 d以内没有羽化,蛹期长达19~25 d占羽化数的1.77%,蛹期长达26~30 d占羽化数的3.89%,蛹期长达31~50 d占羽化数的39.75%,蛹期长达51~70 d占羽化数的31.27%,蛹期长达71~90 d占羽化数的18.38%,蛹期长达91~110 d占羽化数的4.06%;蛹期长达111~116 d占羽化数的0.88%;其全茧量1.2433 g,茧层量0.2041 g,茧层率16.416%,死笼率7.1%。The long pupal stage in silkworms can be achieved by crossing wild silkworms with extended pupal durations with domesticated varieties that exhibit a pupal stage at least 10 days longer than those commonly used in production.In this study,the hybridization of YSCAK8 wild silkworms and 872A domesticated silkworms was conducted during the spring silkworm rearing period.The female moths of YSCAK8 wild silkworms produced cocoons in the spring,with a pupal stage lasting 20 days.A single generation of crossbreeding was performed in the autumn,and the resulting hybrid moths were backcrossed with male YSCAK8 moths,which exhibited a pupal stage of 122 days.After nine generations of directed breeding and selection,the genes controlling the pupal stage duration were fully stabilized in the hybrid material.The basic material 8728 was developed,with pupae remaining un-emerged for at least 18 days.The distribution of pupal stages was as follows:19~25 days(1.77%),26~30 days(3.89%),31~50 days(39.75%),51~70 days(31.27%),71~90 days(18.38%),91~110 days(4.06%),and 111~116 days(0.88%).The total cocoon weight averaged 1.24 g,with a cocoon layer weight of 0.20 g and a cocoon layer rate of 16.42%.The dead cage rate was 7.1%.

关 键 词：家蚕 长蛹期 定向选择 

分 类 号：S882.5[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]