贵州脆弱生态区不同林分类型对土壤酶活性影响研究  

Effects of Different Stand Types on Soil Enzyme Activity in Fragile Ecological Zones of Guizhou Province

作　　者：王浪 武燕 钟晓丽 韦忠涛 吴玉 岑佳宝 宋雪红 徐艳梅 闫昆 WANG Lang;WU Yan;ZHONG Xiaoli;WEI Zhongtao;WU Yu;CEN Jiabao;SONG Xuehong;XU Yanmei;YAN Kun(College of Biological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Forest Fire Ecology and Management of Colleges and Universities of Guizhou Province,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550018,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范学院生物科学学院/贵州省高等学校林火生态与管理重点实验室,贵州贵阳550018

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2025年第1期88-95,共8页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202314223036);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般282);贵州师范学院校级博士基金项目(2020BS026);贵州省教育厅平台项目[2022]051号

摘　　要：[目的]揭示贵州脆弱生态区不同林分类型人工林土壤酶活性特征及其与生态系统养分的关系。[方法]以贵阳市扎佐试验林场针叶、阔叶及针阔混交人工林为研究对象,分析林分类型及土层深度对土壤磷酸酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶、淀粉酶及过氧化氢酶活性的影响,并探究枯落物、腐殖质及土壤养分对土壤酶活性的影响。[结果](1)阔叶林中土壤磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和脲酶活性均高于针叶林和针阔混交林,且脲酶活性变化达到显著水平(p<0.05);针阔混交林和阔叶林中过氧化氢酶活性显著高于针叶林(p<0.05)。(2)在三种林分类型的人工林中,土壤脲酶活性均随土层深度增加而下降;针叶林中土壤磷酸酶、蔗糖酶及过氧化氢酶活性随土层深度增加而下降,其中磷酸酶和蔗糖酶达到显著水平(p<0.05);阔叶林中土壤磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性随土层深度增加而下降,其中磷酸酶达到显著水平(p<0.05);针阔混交林中土壤淀粉酶活性随土层深度增加而显著下降(p<0.05)。(3)综合相关性分析和冗余分析,土壤原土TG、有机碳、铵态氮、速效磷、电导率、碱解氮、全氮及腐殖质全磷是影响土壤酶活性的显著影响因子(p<0.05),枯落物养分对土壤酶活性无显著影响(p>0.05)。[结论]研究获得了林分类型及土壤养分对土壤酶活性影响的基础数据,为科学评价喀斯特地区人工林土壤肥力提供理论依据。This study aimed to explore the characteristics of soil enzyme activity and its relationship with ecosystem nutrients in plantations of different stand types in fragile ecological zones of Guizhou Province.The effects of stand type and soil depth on the activities of soil phosphatase,urease,sucrase,amylase and catalase were analyzed,and the effects of litter,humus and soil nutrients on soil enzyme activities were investigated.The results showed that(1)The activity of soil phosphatase,sucrase and urease in broad-leaved forest were higher than those in coniferous forest and mixed forest,and the changes in urease activity were significant(p<0.05).The catalase activity in mixed and broad-leaved forests was significantly higher than that in coniferous forest(p<0.05).(2)Soil urease activity decreased with the increase of soil depth in the three stand types.The activities of phosphatase,sucrase and catalase in coniferous forest decreased with the increase of soil depth,and the phosphatase and sucrase were significantly affected(p<0.05).The activities of soil phosphatase and catalase in broad-leaved forest decreased with the increase of soil depth,and the phosphatase was significantly affected(p<0.05).Soil amylase activity decreased significantly with the increase of soil depth(p<0.05).(3)Comprehensive correlation analysis and redundancy analysis showed that soil TG,organic carbon,ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus,electrical conductivity,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,total nitrogen and humus total phosphorus were significant factors affecting soil enzyme activities(p<0.05),whereas litter nutrients did not significantly affect soil enzyme activities(p>0.05).In conclusion,the basic data of the effects of stand types and soil nutrients on soil enzyme activities are obtained,which provide a theoretical basis for the scientific evaluation of soil fertility of planted forests in karst areas.

关 键 词：贵州脆弱生态区 林分类型 土壤酶活性 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]