白术提取物的急性毒性和亚慢性毒性研究  

Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Atractylodes macrocephala Extract

作　　者：马晓茹 高嫣珺 张峻铭 韩辰淼 谷日飞 赵志杰 宋伟硕 卜仕金[1,2] MA Xiaoru;GAO Yanjun;ZHANG Junming;HAN Chenmiao;GU Rifei;ZHAO Zhijie;SONG Weishuo;BU Shijin(College of Veterinary Medicine,Yangzhou University,Jiangsu Yangzhou 225009,China;Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses,Jiangsu Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学兽医学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏高校动物重要疫病与人兽共患病防控协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《饲料工业》2025年第3期96-103,共8页Feed Industry

基　　金：江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目[PAPD];现代农业产业技术体系专项[CARS-41]。

摘　　要：研究旨在通过大鼠、小鼠的急性经口毒性试验和大鼠的90 d亚慢性毒性试验评价白术提取物急性和亚慢性毒性,为临床安全用药提供依据。①急性毒性试验:采用最大剂量法染毒,染毒后连续观察14 d,于第15天进行大体剖检和眼观病理学检查。②亚慢性毒性试验:将80只大鼠随机分为高、中、低剂量组和对照组,分别饲喂添加5.0%、2.5%和1.0%白术提取物的饲料和空白饲料,连续饲喂90 d,观察大鼠的临床表现并记录体重、摄食量和饮水量,分别于染毒后第45天和第90天进行血液学和血液生化指标检测,计算脏器系数,并对主要脏器进行组织病理学检查。结果显示:大鼠、小鼠的染毒剂量达到10 g/kg体重或以上时均未见中毒症状与动物死亡,大体剖检各脏器组织均无异常;除计划剖检外的动物均存活且无中毒症状,个别指标与对照组存在统计学差异但与白术提取物毒性无关,组织病理学检查亦未见病变。结果表明白术提取物在大鼠、小鼠的半数致死量(LD_(50))均为≥10 g/kg体重,雌、雄大鼠亚慢性毒性最大无作用剂量分别为1306、1680 mg/kg体重。The purpose of this study is to evaluate the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of Atractylodes macrocephala extract through an acute oral toxicity test in rats and mice,as well as a 90-day subchronic toxicity test in rats,providing a basis for clinically safe application.①Acute toxicity test:the maximum dose method was used for poisoning.After administration,the animals were observed continuously for 14 days,and on day 15,a gross autopsy was performed for visual and pathological examination.②Sub-chronic toxicity test:80 rats were randomly divided into high,medium,and low-dose groups and a control group,and fed with 5.0%,2.5%,and 1.0%Atractylodes macrocephala extract and blank feed,respectively,for 90 consecutive days.Clinical manifestations of the rats were observed and their body weights,food intake,and water intake were recorded;hematological and biochemical indexes of blood were detected on days 45 and 90 of the experiment,respectively.The organ coefficient was calculated and the main organs were examined by histopathology.The results showed that no toxic symptoms or animal deaths were observed in rats and mice at doses of 10 g/kg·BW or above.There were no abnormalities in the gross dissection of various organs and tissues.All animals survived and showed no toxic symptoms,except for the planned autopsy.There were individual indicators that showed statistical differences compared to the control group,however,they were not related with the toxicity of Atractylodes macrocephala extract,and no pathological changes were observed in the pathological examination.The results showed that the half-lethal dose(LD_(50))of Atractylodes macrocephala extract was equal to or greater than 10 g/kg·BW in both rats and mice;the no-observed-adverse-effect-level(NOAEL)of Atractylodes macrocephala extract was 1306 mg/kg·BW and 1680 mg/kg·BW in female and male rats,respectively.

关 键 词：白术提取物 急性毒性 亚慢性毒性 大鼠 小鼠 

分 类 号：S859.82[农业科学—临床兽医学]