微生物角蛋白酶及其蛋白质工程研究进展  

Research Progress on Microbial Keratinase and its Protein Engineering

作　　者：张本旭 马诗淳 邓宇[1,2] ZHANG Benxu;MA Shichun;DENG Yu(Biogas Institute of Minstry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu 610041,China;Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy,Chengdu 610000,China;National Agro-microbiological Shuangliu Observation and Experiment Station,Chengdu 610000,China;National Nanfan Research Institute of CAAS,Sanya 572024,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部沼气科学研究所,四川成都610041 [2]农村可再生能源开发与应用重点实验室,四川成都610000 [3]国家农业微生物双流观测实验站,四川成都610000 [4]三亚中国农业科学院国家南繁研究院,海南三亚572024

出　　处：《中国沼气》2025年第1期3-19,共17页China Biogas

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2021XDNY300);河南省重点研发专项(241111321600);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-BIOMA)。

摘　　要：角蛋白酶是一种重要的蛋白酶,它能降解羽毛等结构复杂的角蛋白,实现多肽、氨基酸等高值化产物的回收利用。目前,天然角蛋白酶的活性、抗逆性和生产效能难以满足工业化应用。蛋白质工程的发展为提高角蛋白酶的产量、改善功能特性提供了有效的途径。文章系统地综述了角蛋白酶的来源、生理特性及结构特点,总结了目前角蛋白酶活性检测的方法及存在的问题,重点探讨了角蛋白酶蛋白质工程在功能域改造及多功能域组合的工程方面的策略和研究进展,展望了未来角蛋白酶的主要研究方向。Keratinase is an important protease that can degrade complex keratin waste and enable the recycling of high-value products such as polypeptides and amino acids.Currently,the activity and biological yield of natural keratinase by hosting organisms are relatively low,severely hindering the application of keratinase.The development of protein engineering provides an effective means to increase the production of keratinase and improve its functional properties.This article systematically reviews the sources,physiological characteristics,and structural features of keratinase,summarizes the current methods of keratinase activity assay and the existing problems,and focuses on discussing the strategies and progress of keratinase protein engineering in the aspects of functional domain modification and multifunctional domain combination.Finally,we prospect the future application and directions of keratinase.

关 键 词：角蛋白 角蛋白酶 酶活检测 蛋白质工程 

分 类 号：Q816[生物学—生物工程] S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]