生物炭对烟草废弃物高温厌氧消化过程的影响  

Effect of Biochar on the Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Tobacco Waste

作　　者：孙照勇[1,3] 何金庭 苟敏 金立锋[2] 罗文锋[1] 汤岳琴[1] 李锋[2] SUN Zhaoyong;HE Jinting;GOU Min;JIN Lifeng;LUO Wenfeng;TANG Yueqin;LI Feng(College of Architecture and Environment,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Tianfu Yongxing Laboratory,Chengdu 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学建筑与环境学院,四川成都610065 [2]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,河南郑州450001 [3]天府永兴实验室,四川成都610213

出　　处：《中国沼气》2025年第1期28-34,共7页China Biogas

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金面上项目(2023NSFSC0343);豫中烟区低氯高钾新品系试验示范与工业应用项目(D2020186)。

摘　　要：为探究烟草废弃物高温厌氧消化过程中烟碱含量对发酵效果的影响及生物炭辅助下的解抑增效潜力和机制;以烤后废弃烟叶为原料,研究了不同烟碱含量及生物炭添加对其高温厌氧消化过程和活性微生物群落的影响;低含量烟碱(≤2 g·L^(-1))对烟叶厌氧消化过程具有促进作用,但烟碱含量达到3 g·L^(-1)时甲烷产量较未添加烟碱的实验组下降了18.4%。不同烟碱含量(0~3 g·L^(-1))添加生物炭对甲烷产量的提升率分别达到了126%~195%。Gompertz模型拟合结果表明,生物炭添加缩短了甲烷生产延滞时间且显著提高了甲烷生成速率。结合活性微生物群落结构分析,烟叶高温厌氧消化过程产甲烷古菌活性低是造成甲烷产量低的主要原因,而高浓度烟碱加剧了产甲烷菌抑制。结果证明:生物炭添加导致产甲烷菌群落由氢营养型产甲烷途径向氢和乙酸营养型产甲烷途径共存转变,是提高烟叶厌氧消化效率的主要原因;烟碱是烟草废弃物高温厌氧消化过程中的重要抑制因子,其抑制临界浓度为2~3 g·L^(-1),生物炭添加通过改变产甲烷群落代谢途径促进了厌氧消化过程。In order to explore the inhibition effect of nicotine content on thermophilic anaerobic digestion of tobacco waste,and enhanced performance and mechanism by biochar addition.The effects of nicotine and biochar on thermophilic anaerobic digestion of flue-cured tobacco leaves were studied.Low nicotine content(≤2 g·L^(-1))promoted the anaerobic digestion of tobacco leaves,while the methane yield decreased by 18.4%at nicotine content of 3 g·L^(-1),compared with that without nicotine.Biochar addition increased methane production by 126%~195%at different nicotine content(0~3 g·L^(-1)).Gompertz model fitting results indicated that the addition of biochar shortened the delay time of methane production and increased the methane production rate.Biochar addition led to the transformation of methanogenic community from hydrogen-trophic methanogenic pathway to hydrogen-and acetic acid-trophic methanogenic pathway,which was the main reason to improve the anaerobic digestion efficiency of tobacco leaves.Nicotine was an important inhibitor in the process of thermophilic anaerobic digestion of tobacco waste,and its inhibition critical concentration is 2~3 g·L^(-1);Biochar addition promoted the anaerobic digestion process by changing the metabolic pathway of methanogenic communities.

关 键 词：烟草废弃物 高温厌氧消化 甲烷 烟碱 生物炭 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X712[农业科学—农业工程]