5种蔬菜废弃物的特性及厌氧消化产沼气的研究  

Study on the Characteristics of Five Kinds of Vegetable Wastes and Biogas Production by Anaerobic Digestion

作　　者：李开靖 梁承月 赵兴玲[1,2] 吴凯 王昌梅 杨斌[2,3] 柳静 杨红 尹芳[1,2] 张无敌[1,2] LI Kaijing;LIANG Chengyue;ZHAO Xingling;WU Kai;WANG Changmei;YANG Bin;LIU Jing;YANG Hong;YIN Fang;ZHANG Wudi(College of Energy and Environmental Sciences,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Biogas Engineering Technology Research Center,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Normal University Graduate School,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学能源与环境科学学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省沼气工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650500 [3]云南师范大学研究生院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《中国沼气》2025年第1期51-55,共5页China Biogas

基　　金：云南省万人计划产业技术领军人才项目(20191096);云南省基础研究计划(202001AT070094);云南省国际科技合作专项(202003AF140001);云南省基础研究专项青年项目(202201AU070058);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022J0127);云南师范大学博士启动项目(xj2021102918);昆明市国际(对外)科技合作基地(GHJD-2020026);云南省劳模创新工作室和云南省农村能源工程重点实验室基金。

摘　　要：为了优化蔬菜废弃物厌氧消化工艺,以白菜、生菜、油麦菜、甘蓝菜和花椰菜5蔬菜的废弃物为原料,采用批量消化工艺,设置5种蔬菜废弃物以及等比例混合物的6个实验组,在35℃±1℃的条件下厌氧消化。结果表明:花椰菜产气速率最快,总产气量也是最多的,花椰菜的原料产气率达到了34.43 mL·g^(-1),是白菜原料产气率的3.93倍,但花椰菜废弃物的产CH_(4)潜力较弱,其CH_(4)含量仅为42.71%;混合原料产气率比单一原料产气率提高了12.81%,且混合实验组的CH_(4)含量最高,达到了54.32%。在实际工程中,可直接将混合的蔬菜废弃物粉碎进行厌氧消化处理,不仅能提高产气速率和产气量,还能提高CH_(4)含量。该研究结果可以为蔬菜废弃物的厌氧消化工程提供一定的指导。In order to optimize the anaerobic digestion process of vegetable waste;Five kinds of vegetable wastes including cabbage,lettuce,lettuce,cabbage and cauliflower were used as raw materials.Six experimental groups of five kinds of vegetable wastes and equal proportion mixture were set up by batch digestion process,and anaerobic digestion was carried out at 35℃±1℃.The results showed that the gas production rate of broccoli was the fastest,and the total gas production was also the most.The gas production rate of broccoli raw materials reached 34.43 mL·g^(-1),which was 3.93 times that of cabbage raw materials.However,the CH_(4) production potential of broccoli waste was weak,and its CH_(4) content was only 42.71%.The gas production rate of the mixed raw material was 12.81%higher than that of the single raw material,and the CH_(4) content of the mixed experimental group was the highest,reaching 54.32%.In practical engineering,the mixed vegetable waste can be directly crushed for anaerobic digestion,which can not only improve the gas production rate and gas production,but also increase the CH_(4) content.The results of this study can provide guidance for the anaerobic digestion project of vegetable waste.

关 键 词：蔬菜废弃物 批量消化 沼气潜力 产气特性 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X705[农业科学—农业工程]