低温胁迫下不同辣椒材料的苗期耐寒性综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation on Tolerance of Peppers to Low Temperature Stress at Seedling Stage

作　　者：王熙泽 王小迪 李宁[2] 徐凯 尹延旭[2] 高升华 詹晓慧 王飞 姚明华[2,3] WANG Xize;WANG Xiaodi;LI Ning;XU Kai;YIN Yanxu;GAO Shenghua;ZHAN Xiaohui;WANG Fei;YAO Minghua(College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement,Cash Crops Institute,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;Hubei Hongshan Laboratory,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉430070 [2]蔬菜种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室/湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,武汉430072 [3]湖北洪山实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《辣椒杂志》2024年第4期7-12,18,共7页Journal of China Capsicum

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2023BBB044);湖北省支持种业高质量发展资金项目(HBZY2023B004-4);武汉市产学研项目(2023110201030679);湖北省现代农业产业技术专项资金(2023HBSTX4-06);湖北省农业科学院青年科学基金项目(2024NKYJJ06);湖北省青年自然科学基金面上项目(2024AFB379);湖北省博士后揭榜领题项目;湖北省农业科技创新中心项目(2024-620-000-001-007)。

摘　　要：辣椒作为喜温且不耐冷性植物,其最适生长温度为25~30℃,一般低于4℃则生长受到显著抑制。不同辣椒材料的耐寒的程度各不相同,本研究以湖北省适宜栽培的6种核心亲本材料(NL1~NL6)为试材,对4℃低温处理前后的生长表型和耐寒相关生理指标进行分析,综合评价不同材料的耐寒性。结果发现,NL1~NL6的寒害指数分别为4.03、3.91、3.55、3.43、2.20和1.96。生理指标分析显示,低温胁迫后不同辣椒叶片中叶绿素的含量与正常生长条件相比均呈现下降趋势,丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性在低温胁迫后呈现上升趋势;叶绿素总含量的下降幅度依次为NL1<NL4<NL2<NL6<NL3<NL5,MDA含量增长率表现为NL6<NL5<NL3<NL1<NL4<NL2,SOD活性增长率表现为NL5<NL4<NL3<NL1<NL2<NL6,POD活性增长率依次为NL2<NL4<NL5<NL6<NL3<NL1;其中NL5总叶绿素含量下降比率最大,材料NL6的MDA积累量增长率最小、SOD活性增长率最大,NL1的POD活性增长率最大。综合生长表型鉴定、寒害指数分析和生理指标检测结果认为,NL6的耐寒性较强,NL1对低温较为敏感。本研究为后续选育耐寒辣椒新品种提供理论基础与依据。Chili peppers prefer warm environments and have poor tolerance to cold stress.When the temperature is below 4℃,their growth is significantly inhibited.The degree of cold tolerance varies among peppers.This study used six core parental materials suitable for cultivation in Hubei Province as test materials to analyze the growth performance and physiological indicators related to cold tolerance before and after 4℃low temperature treatment,and comprehensively evaluated the cold tolerance of different materials.According to the classification standard of cold damage,six kinds of test pepper materials were graded and evaluated.The order of cold damage index was NL1(4.03)followed by NL2(3.91),NL3(3.55),NL4(3.43),NL5(2.20),and NL6(1.96).Physiological index analysis showed that the content of chlorophyll in different pepper leaves decreased compared to normal growth conditions after low temperature stress,while the content of malondialdehyde(MDA),the activity of peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)increased after low temperature stress.The decrease in total chlorophyll content was in the order of NL1<NL4<NL2<NL6<NL3<NL5.The growth rate of MDA content was in the order of NL6<NL5<NL3<NL1<NL4<NL2.The growth rate of SOD activity was in the order of NL5<NL4<NL3<NL1<NL2<NL6.The growth rate of POD activity was in the order of NL2<NL4<NL5<NL6<NL3<NL1.NL5 had the highest rate of decrease in total chlorophyll content.The MDA accumulation rate of material NL6 was the smallest,while its SOD activity rate was the largest.The POD activity growth rate of NL1 was the highest.Based on the comprehensive growth phenotype,cold damage index,and physiological indicators,it was believed that NL6 had the strongest cold tolerance,while NL1 was sensitive to low temperature.This study provides a theoretical basis and materials for the subsequent breeding of new pepper varieties with higher tolerance to low temperature.

关 键 词：辣椒 低温 耐寒性 生理指标 

分 类 号：S64[农业科学—蔬菜学]