东汉至隋立刻义双音时间副词的构成和演变  

The Formation and Evolution of Disyllabic Time Adverbs Expressing the Immediate Meaning from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty

作　　者：丁爱玲 DING Ailing(Facultyof Literatureand Media,Chongqing Universityof Education,Chongqing 400065,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆第二师范学院文学与传媒学院,重庆400065

出　　处：《安康学院学报》2025年第1期73-78,共6页Journal of Ankang University

基　　金：重庆市社会科学规划博士项目“敦煌吐鲁番汉文文书语法词专题研究”(2023BS107)。

摘　　要：东汉至隋汉语中存在四类双音时间副词,语义上都可理解为“不久、随后、很快”。文章从定名学视角考察了汉语立刻义这一语义场内的四类主体成员的内部构成差异:同义并列是其最主要的成词方式,其次是介词短语语法化,最后是后附形式。东汉至隋是汉语双音时间副词形成初期,用法已经比较成熟。四类时间副词具有复杂的演变更替过程:“尔”类成员有的消失,有的以低频方式继续使用;“应”类和“时”类不敌“即”类,但大部分成员都存留至当代汉语中,尤其体现在《现代汉语词典》对这些词的收纳上。文末附加讨论汉语常用双音时间副词的演变更替问题。There are four kinds of disyllabic time adverbs in Chinese from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty, which can be understood semantically as “soon, then, quickly”. From the perspective of Onomasiology, this paper examines the internal composition differences of four representative members in the semantic field of “the immediate meaning”: Synonymous juxtaposition is the main way of word formation, followed by the grammaticalization of prepositional phrases, and finally the attached form. The four representative members have a complex evolution and replacement process: some members of the “Er(尔)” class disappear, and some continue to use in low frequency;the “Ying(应)” “Shi(时)”class are inferior to the “Ji(即)”class, but most of the members remain in contemporary Chinese. It is especially reflected in the inclusion of these words in the modern Chinese dictionary.

关 键 词：立刻义 时间副词 定名学 构成 演变 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]