社交媒体中的反智主义与科学传播——基于传播效果视角的链式中介作用  

Anti-Intellectualism and Science Communication in Social Media:The Role of Chain Mediation Based on the Perspective of Communication Effect

作　　者：邝岩 KUANG Yan

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学新闻与新媒体学院

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2025年第2期49-62,共14页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZC20232120)——青年群体对政务舆情的认知偏差及引导策略研究。

摘　　要：基于对社交媒体用户的问卷调查数据实证分析了反智主义对科学传播受众认知、态度、行为的影响,结果显示:不同人口统计学特征的群体在反智主义倾向上呈现出明显差异;社交媒体用户对科学知识的认识存在着工具化倾向,且对各类知识分子群体的信任程度表现出明显的不一致性,其中经济学家和专家获得的信任度相对最低;反智主义倾向显著正向预测个体对科技信息的误解程度,显著负向预测个体对科学传播的态度,并通过科学误解和科学传播态度的链式中介作用对个体的科技信息传播行为产生影响。为应对反智主义对科学传播的负面影响,政府相关部门应出台配套政策,激励科学工作者宣介研究成果的现实意义;媒体和平台应加强信息把关,重塑专家的媒介形象;科学传播工作者应充分考虑受众特征,增强科学传播的精准性;多方主体要筑牢意识形态风险防范意识,强化科普领域舆论引导。Based on a questionnaire survey of social media users,this paper empirically analyzes the impact of anti-intellectualism on the cognition,attitudes,and behaviors of science communication audiences.The results indicate significant differences in anti-intellectualism tendencies among groups with varying demographic characteristics.Social media users often exhibit an instrumental understanding of scientific knowledge,and their trust in various intellectual groups is notably inconsistent,with economists and experts receiving the lowest level of trust.Anti-intellectualism is found to significantly and positively predict the degree of individual misunderstanding of scientific and technological information,while it negatively predicts individual attitudes toward science communication.Furthermore,it influences individual behaviors related to the communication of scientific and technological information through a chain mediation involving scientific misunderstanding and attitudes toward science communication.In order to mitigate the negative impact of antiintellectualism on science communication,government agencies should implement supportive policies that encourage scientists to highlight the practical significance of their research findings.Media outlets and platforms should enhance information management and work to reshape the public image of experts.Science communication professionals must take into account the specific characteristics of their audience to improve the accuracy of their messaging.Various stakeholders should cultivate a robust awareness of ideological risk prevention and strengthen public opinion guidance in the realm of science popularization.

关 键 词：科学传播 反智主义 社交媒体 网络传播 链式中介模型 

分 类 号：G322[文化科学] G206