大熊猫国家公园荥经片区大熊猫取食竹种地上生物量评估  

Evaluation of aboveground biomass of edible bamboo for giant panda in the Yingjing area of Giant Panda National Park

作　　者：秦炜锐 刘景怡 宋心强 付明霞 潘翰 程勇 周材权 杨彪 QIN Weirui;LIU Jingyi;SONG Xinqiang;FU Mingxia;PAN Han;CHENG Yong;ZHOU Caiquan;YANG Biao(Sichuan Liziping Giant Panda Ecology and Conservation Station for Field Scientific Observation and Research,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,China;Institute of Ecology,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,China;Society of Entrepreneurs and Ecology(SEE)Foundation,Beijing 100020,China;Daxiangling Nature Reserve Management and Protection Center of Yingjing County,Ya'an 625000,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学栗子坪大熊猫生态与保护四川省野外科学观测研究站,南充637009 [2]西华师范大学生态研究院,南充637009 [3]北京市企业家环保基金会,北京100020 [4]荥经县大相岭自然保护区管护中心,雅安625000

出　　处：《兽类学报》2025年第1期108-118,共11页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：四川省科学技术厅重大科技专项(2022YFS0484)。

摘　　要：估算大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)取食竹地上生物量对评估大熊猫食物资源和栖息地质量有重要意义。本研究利用样方法和收获法对大熊猫国家公园荥经片区不同森林类型下各竹种的地上生物量进行调查,初步估算荥经片区大熊猫取食竹地上生物量。结果表明:(1)不同森林类型下的大熊猫取食竹地上生物量差异不显著,不同竹种的地上生物量差异极显著,但大多表现出枝<叶<秆的规律;(2)大熊猫国家公园荥经片区八月竹(Chimonobambusa szechuanensis)、短锥玉山竹(Yushania brevipaniculata)、冷箭竹(Bashania faberi)和泥巴山筇竹(Qiongzhuea multigemmia)的分布面积分别为20770.44 hm^(2)、31549.34 hm^(2)、30714.25 hm^(2)和23340.65 hm^(2),总的地上生物量分别为640543.67 t、177086.42 t、344601.63 t和152888.26 t,每平方米秆和叶分别可提供能量16246.17 kJ、3157.89 kJ、7786.47 kJ和2814.41 kJ;(3)从取食竹地上生物量角度来看,在特定空间与时间范围内,该研究区域大熊猫食物资源暂不存在食源竹类供给不足的问题。本研究结果能够为更好地制定大熊猫及其栖息地科学保护管理措施提供一定的参考价值。Evaluating food resources and assessing habitat quality for giant pandas(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)requires estimating the aboveground biomass of edible bamboo.In the Yingjing area of the Giant Panda National Park(GPNP),we conducted an investigation into the aboveground biomass of different bamboo species across various forest types.This involved employing sampling and harvesting methods to preliminarily estimate the aboveground biomass of bamboo suitable for giant pandas.The findings revealed that aboveground biomass of edible bamboo for giant pandas did not exhibit significant differences across different forest types.However,there was a considerable disparity in the aboveground biomass among various edible bamboo species.Notably,the majority of the aboveground biomass followed the pattern of branches<leaves<stems.In the Yingjing area of the GPNP,the distribution area of giant panda edible bamboo,including Chimonobambusa szechuanensis,Yushania brevipaniculata,Bashania faberi,and Qiongzhuea multigemmia,was as follows:20770.44 hm^(2),31549.34 hm^(2),30714.25 hm^(2),and 23340.65 hm^(2),respectively.The total aboveground biomass for each bamboo species was 640543.67 t,177086.42 t,344601.63 t,and 152888.26 t.Additionally,the energy provided by each square meter of stems and leaves was 16246.17 kJ,3157.89 kJ,7786.47 kJ,and 2814.41 kJ,respectively.From the perspective of the aboveground biomass of edible bamboo,it can be concluded that,within a specific space and time range,there is no shortage of food source bamboo supply in the study area.The result of this study can offer valuable insights for devising scientifically informed protection and management measures for giant pandas and their habitat.

关 键 词：大熊猫 取食竹 生物量 栖息地 食物资源 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]