论我国气候变化诉讼的应然路径——以气候治理的基本特征为视角  

On the path of climate change litigation in China—From the perspective of the basic features of climate governance

作　　者：丁兆增[1] 竺元居 DING Zhaozeng;ZHU Yuanju(School of Law,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学法学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2024年第5期84-93,共10页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：福建省法学会年度重点课题(FLS2021A09);福建师范大学碳中和研究院开放基金项目(TZH2022-10)。

摘　　要：我国的气候治理是在中央统筹下,以气候政策为手段,以行政机关为主导的预防性治理。学界提出的气候变化诉讼路径在当前气候治理模式下均存在应用障碍。客观诉讼模式能够适当提前司法权介入时机、规避气候变化诉讼中的疑难问题、保障司法权合理参与气候治理,是我国构建气候变化诉讼的理想路径。建议以环境行政公益诉讼为基础,维持检察机关起诉模式,以行为标准说作为行政机关依法履职的判断标准,以《大气污染防治法》第2条及气候政策作为行政机关义务来源,并侧重监督地方规定对中央应对气候变化目标的落实,从而构建气候变化客观诉讼模式。Climate governance in China is a preventive governance under the overall coordination of the central government,with climate policies as the means and administrative agencies as the leading force.The climate change litigation paths proposed all face application obstacles under the current climate governance model.The objective litigation model can advance the timing of judicial involvement,avoid the difficult problems in climate change litigation,and guarantee the reasonable participation of judicial power in climate governance,which is the ideal path for the construction of climate change litigation in China.Based on the environmental administrative public welfare litigation,we can maintain the prosecution mode of the procuratorate,use the behavioral standard as the judgment criteria for the administrative agencies′non-compliance with the law,and take Article 2 of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution and Climate Policies as the source of the obligations of administrative agencies,and focus on the supervision of the implementation of the local regulations on the central emission reduction targets,so as to build the objective litigation mode of the climate justice.

关 键 词：气候变化诉讼 气候治理 客观诉讼 

分 类 号：DF468.3[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]