便携式负压隔离舱的设计与实现  

Design and Research of Portable Negative Pressure Isolation Capsule

作　　者：任章霞[1] 钱亮[2] 陈静[1] 杨发毅 黄松涛 杨宁[1] 杨景滟 REN Zhangxia;QIAN Liang;CHEN Jing;YANG Fayi;HUANG Songtao;YANG Ning;YANG Jingyan(Department of Thyroid Gland Breast Surgery,Guang’an People’s Hospital,Guang’an Sichuan 638000,China;Guang’an Vocational and Technical College,Guang’an Sichuan 638000,China;Health Management Center,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong Sichuan 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]广安市人民医院甲状腺乳腺外科,四川广安638000 [2]广安职业技术学院,四川广安638000 [3]川北医学院附属医院健康管理中心,四川南充637000

出　　处：《中国医疗设备》2025年第2期13-18,23,共7页China Medical Devices

基　　金：四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2021YFS0363)。

摘　　要：目的设计研发一种防治呼吸道传染病的便携式负压隔离舱,用于突发公共卫生事件中的患者转运和野外救护。方法以透明聚氯乙烯(PVC)为材料,以充气气肋作为舱壁支撑结构并与充气睡垫形成拱形隧道舱体,以气密拉链控制开闭;将集成控制器与舱内压力传感器、排气管和进气管相连,使实时压力检测数据反馈到集成控制器,调节进气量与排气量以维持负压。空气过滤器对舱内排出气进行高效空气过滤。结果舱内负压范围为-20~-30 Pa,生成工作负压耗时32 s,经空气高效过滤后排出气体中≤0.3μm粒子的过滤率为99.97%,舱内最大噪音为52.9 dB,锂电池续航时间为12.6 h。结论本装置具有重量轻、操作简单、启动快速、携带方便、射线可穿透及安全可靠等特点,可用于应急状态下的患者转运、大型物理检查和战场单兵救治场景中。Objective To design and develop a portable negative pressure isolation capsule for the prevention and treatment of respiratory infectious diseases,to be used for patient transport and field rescue in public health emergencies.Methods The transparent polyvinyl chloride(PVC)was used as the material,the inflatable ribs were used as the cabin wall support structure to formed an arched tunnel cabin with inflatable sleeping pads,which was opened and closed with airtight zippers.The integrated controller was connected to the cabin pressure sensor,exhaust pipe and intake pipe,so that the real-time pressure detection data was fed back to the integrated controller,and the intake and exhaust volume were adjusted to maintain negative pressure.The air filter was performed efficient air filtration on the exhaust gas inside the cabin.Results The negative pressure range in the cabin was-20 to-30 Pa,the generation of working negative pressure took 32 s.And 99.97%of the particles less than 0.3μm in the discharged gas were filtered through the air,maximum cabin noise was 52.9 dB,and the battery life was 12.6 h.Conclusion The device has the characteristics of light weight,simple operation,fast start-up,easy to carry,radiation penetration,safety and reliability,and can be used in emergency patient transport,large-scale physical examination and battlefield individual soldier treatment scenarios.

关 键 词：便携式 负压隔离舱 充气式 呼吸道传染病 高效空气过滤器 公共卫生应急事件 

分 类 号：R197.39[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R318[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]