超声评价肛提肌裂孔面积及形态在盆腔器官脱垂中的研究进展  

Research Progress on Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Area and Morphology of the Levator Hiatus in Pelvic Organ Prolapse

作　　者：谭琦 殷伟红 TAN Qi;YIN Weihong(School of Medical Imaging,Binzhou Medical University,Yantai Shandong 264003,China;Department of Ultrasound,Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University,Yantai Shandong 264100,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院医学影像学院,山东烟台264003 [2]滨州医学院烟台附属医院超声科,山东烟台264100

出　　处：《中国医疗设备》2025年第2期155-160,共6页China Medical Devices

摘　　要：盆腔器官脱垂(Pelvic Organ Prolapse,POP)是盆底支持结构损伤而引发的疾病,其病因复杂多样,严重影响患者的身心健康。目前国内外广泛使用盆腔器官脱垂定量(Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification,POP-Q)分度法对脱垂部位进行特异性描述,该方法能提供详细的描述信息,但不能直观评估盆腔的功能状态。超声检查由于具有操作简便、实时动态成像、成本低、无创伤等优点,已被临床广泛应用,可弥补POP-Q评分系统的不足,发现早期没有临床症状的轻度POP。本文综述了超声断层成像技术和剪切波弹性成像技术在产后POP女性中的应用以及盆底超声引导下POP患者的治疗现状,以期为临床提供诊断检查方法,帮助孕产妇提供有效的预防措施。Pelvic organ prolapse(POP)is a disease caused by damage to the pelvic floor support structures,and its causes are complex and varied,seriously affecting the physical and mental health of patients.The pelvic organ prolapse quantification(POP-Q)scale is widely used both at home and abroad to specifically characterize the site of prolapse,which provides detailed descriptive information but does not visually assess the functional status of the pelvis.Ultrasonography has been widely used in clinical practice due to its advantages of easy operation,real-time dynamic imaging,low cost,and non-invasiveness,which can make up for the shortcomings of the POP-Q scoring system and detect mild POP without clinical symptoms in the early stages of the disease.This paper reviewed the application of ultrasound tomography and shear wave elastography in women with postpartum POP and the treatment of patients with pelvicfloor ultrasound-guided POP,aiming to provide clinical diagnostic tests,significantly improve the diagnostic rate of anal retinaculum injuries,and help to provide effective preventive measures for pregnant women.

关 键 词：肛提肌裂孔面积及形态 盆腔器官脱垂(POP) 超声断层成像 剪切波弹性成像 盆腔器官脱垂定量(POP-Q) 肛提肌群 

分 类 号：R711.2[医药卫生—妇产科学] R445.1[医药卫生—临床医学]