固定化菌剂载体的制备及其性能研究  

Fixation of bacterial agent carriers and their performance research

作　　者：蒋梦涵 胡睿 田爱华 沈启翔 李聪 陈恒宇 高焕方[1] JIANG Menghan;HU Rui;TIAN Aihua;SHEN Qixiang;LI Cong;CHEN Hengyu;GAO Huanfang(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China;Chongqing City Construction&Land Development Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400025,China;Chongqing Huiya Environmental Protection Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400041,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学化学化工学院,重庆400054 [2]重庆市城市建设土地发展有限责任公司,重庆400025 [3]重庆汇亚环保工程有限公司,重庆400041

出　　处：《应用化工》2024年第12期2930-2936,2941,共8页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：重庆市科技创新应用示范工程项目(cstc2018jszx-cyzdX0019)。

摘　　要：生物炭因其较大的比表面积和发达的孔隙结构被视为理想的固定化载体。以稻壳、小麦秸秆、竹子和玉米芯为原料,在500,600,700,800℃下制备生物炭,并分析其理化特性。研究发现,随热解温度升高,生物炭产率降低,pH值和灰分含量升高。BET分析表明,竹子生物炭表面更粗糙,孔隙结构更不规则;FTIR分析表明,竹子含氧官能团更多。通过吸附法制备固定化菌剂,SEM显示真菌成功附着在生物炭上,700℃下竹子生物炭固定效果最佳,固定率最高可达60.2%。固定化真菌对柴油的降解率均高于游离真菌(66%),固定化处理使稻壳、小麦秸秆、竹子和玉米芯生物炭的降解率分别提升至85.9%,74.2%,89.2%,86.1%,分别提高了30.1%,12.9%,35.1%,30.4%。Biochar is considered an ideal immobilized carrier due to its large specific surface area and well-developed pore structure.Four types of raw biomass materials,rice husk,wheat straw,bamboo,and corn cob,were selected to prepare biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures(500,600,700,800℃),and the physical and chemical properties of the biochar were analyzed.With the increase of pyrolysis temperature,the yield of biochar decreased,while pH and ash content showed an upward trend;BET analysis results showed that bamboo had a rougher surface and irregular pore structure compared to the other three types of biochar;FTIR analysis showed that bamboo contained more oxygen-containing functional groups.In addition,the adsorption method was used to prepare immobilized fungi,and the immobilization effect of biochar on fungi and the degradation effect of immobilized bacteria on diesel oil were investigated.The SEM results showed that the fungi were successfully adsorbed on the biochar,and for the bamboo biochar at 700℃,the immobilization effect was the best,and the maximum immobilization rate could reach 60.2%.The diesel degradation experiment results showed that compared with the degradation rate of free fungi(66.0%),the degradation rate of diesel by immobilized fungi increased.The maximum degradation rates of diesel by immobilized bacteria with rice husk,wheat straw,bamboo,and corn cob biochar increased to 85.9%,74.2%,89.2%,and 86.1%,respectively,with an increase of 30.1%,12.9%,35.1%,and 30.4%.

关 键 词：生物炭 热解温度 固定化菌剂 柴油降解 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]