天然含盐水中稀散元素分离提取及应用研究综述  

Review on the separation,extraction and application of rare elements from natural saline water

作　　者：葛飞[1] 李雷明[1] 梁丹 李建森[1] 苏一帆 姜莹莹 王金平 王月恒 GE Fei;LI Leiming;LIANG Dan;LI Jiansen;SU Yifan;JIANG Yingying;WANG Jinping;WANG Yueheng(Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,青海西宁810008 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730013

出　　处：《应用化工》2024年第12期2957-2962,共6页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42202096);青海省科学技术厅科技援青合作专项(2023-QY-213);“十四五”国家重点研发计划“战略性矿产资源开发利用”专项(2023YFC2906603);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2022QZKK0201)。

摘　　要：天然含盐水是一种宝贵的无机盐资源,目前主要的水体种类包括海水、盐湖和地下卤水。天然含盐水含有一些高价值的稀散元素,如铷、铯、铀、溴、碘、锶等元素,稀散元素的开发利用对于天然含盐水的综合利用和可持续发展具有重要意义。主要针对近年来多种天然含盐水中铷、铯、铀、溴、碘、锶元素的分离提取以及相关技术的研究进行分析总结,对稀散元素应用途径、分离提取现状和面临的问题与挑战等进行归纳,以期为天然含盐水中稀散元素的分离提取和天然含盐水资源的综合利用提供参考。Natural saline water is a valuable source of inorganic salts.Currently,the main types of saline water include seawater,salt lakes,and underground brine.Natural saline water also contains significant reserves of high-value trace elements such as rubidium cesium,uranium,bromine,iodine,and strontium.The development and utilization of these trace elements are crucial for the comprehensive and sustainable utilization of natural saline water resources.This paper analyzes and summarizes recent advancements in the separation and extraction of rubidium cesium,uranium,bromine,iodine,and strontium from natural saline water along with related technologies.It provides an overview of application approaches,status quo in separation and extraction methods,and highlights the challenges faced by these trace elements,to offer insights into their efficient recovery from natural saline water resources.

关 键 词：天然含盐水 稀散元素 分离提取 应用 

分 类 号：TQ1[化学工程] O616[理学—无机化学]