FCC催化剂沉积镍的化学态及其分布规律研究进展  

The distribution and chemical states of nickel pollution of FCC catalysts

作　　者：张翼[1] 陈妍[1] 刘倩倩[1] 蒋文斌[1] 宋海涛[1] ZHANG Yi;CHEN Yan;LIU Qianqian;JIANG Wenbin;SONG Haitao(Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Corporation,SINOPEC,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《应用化工》2024年第12期2999-3004,3010,共7页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFB3504000)。

摘　　要：2021版《国家危险废物名录》中对废物代码“251-017-50”进行了细化表述,专指为“石油炼制中采用钝镍剂进行催化裂化产生的废催化剂”。因而,重新认识重金属镍(Ni)在催化裂化(FCC)催化剂的沉积规律,进而研发抑制其毒化作用的新型催化剂技术,对于催化裂化废催化剂的危废属性认定至关重要。由于Ni的毒化脱氢效应与其在催化剂上的化学态和分布规律密切相关,本文从FCC新鲜催化剂及其特征组分氧化硅、氧化铝出发,总结不同组分、不同污染实验条件对Ni化学态衍变、分布规律及脱氢性能的影响研究,并进一步综述FCC装置平衡剂中污染Ni的化学态和分布规律研究进展,为降低甚至停加钝镍剂,推动FCC装置废催化剂危废减量提供研究基础和技术思路。The revisied item HW50 in the 2021 edition of the“National List of Hazardous Wastes”specifies waste catalysts generated from catalytic cracking with nickel(Ni)passivating agents in oil refining.Therefore,re-examining the deposition patterns of nickel on catalytic cracking(FCC)catalysts and developing novel catalyst technologies to inhibit its toxic effects are crucial for determining the hazardous waste attributes of FCC waste catalysts.Since the toxic dehydrogenation effect of Ni is closely related to its chemical state and distribution on the catalyst,this article starts from FCC fresh catalysts and their characteristic components,silica and alumina,and summarizes the impact of different components and conditions on the evolution of Ni’s chemical state,distribution patterns,and dehydrogenation performance.Furthermore,it comprehensively reviews research progress on the chemical state and distribution patterns of contaminated Ni in FCC equilibrium catalysts,providing a research foundation and technical approach for reducing or even eliminating the need for nickel passivating agents and promoting the reduction of hazardous waste from FCC unit waste catalysts.

关 键 词：催化裂化 钝镍剂 危险废物 化学态 脱氢活性 

分 类 号：TQ032.41[化学工程]