中空多孔硅负极材料的制备及性能研究  

Study on preparation and performance of hollow porous silicon anode materials

作　　者：郑丽华 姚则庆 张育红 陈冬[1,2] 陈建 涂江平 ZHENG Lihua;YAO Zeqing;ZHANG Yuhong;CHEN Dong;CHEN Jian;TU Jiangping(Zhejiang Narada Power Source Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou Zhejiang 311305,China;Zhejiang Huayu Sodium Battery New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou Zhejiang 311308,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司,浙江杭州311305 [2]浙江华宇钠电新能源科技有限公司,浙江杭州311308 [3]浙江大学材料科学与工程学院,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《电源技术》2025年第2期317-322,共6页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：硅负极材料作为锂离子电池理论容量最大的负极材料,具有容量高、资源丰富、环境友好等特点。以Mg_(2)Si为还原剂,采用机械球磨法先将Mg_(2)Si均匀包覆在SiO_(2)表面,随后通过高温还原反应及酸洗处理,得到中空多孔硅负极材料,并对所得材料进行结构和形貌表征及电化学储锂性能研究。结果表明,以Mg_(2)Si为还原剂能够有效降低反应产热量,所得硅材料整体呈现中空的球形结构,很好地保留了SiO_(2)的原始结构;此外,外球壳属于多孔结构,较大的空腔及丰富的孔洞均为硅材料的体积膨胀提供充足的缓冲空间,从而有效释放硅材料在体积膨胀过程中产生的应力。得益于此,该材料作为锂离子电池负极材料具有容量高、循环稳定性高等优势。As the anode material with the highest theoretical capacity for lithium-ion batteries,the silicon material has the characteristics of high capacity,abundant resources and environmentally friendly.The Mg_(2)Si as a reducing agent was uniformly coated on the surface of SiO_(2) by mechanical ball milling,and then the hollow porous silicon anode material was obtained by high temperature reduction reaction and acid dipping treatment.The structure and morphology of the obtained materials were characterized,and the electrochemical lithium storage properties were studied.The results indicate that the Mg_(2)Si as the reducing agent can effectively reduce the reaction heat production,and the obtained silicon material has the hollow spherical structure,which retains the original SiO_(2) structure well.In addition,the outer spherical shell is a porous structure,and the large cavity and abundant holes provide the sufficient buffer space for the volume expansion of silicon material,so as to effectively release the stress during the volume expansion of silicon.Benefit from this,the obtained material has the advantages of high capacity and cyclic stability as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 硅 中空 多孔 

分 类 号：TM912.9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]