PDCA循环管理降低检验标本不合格率的应用  

Application of PDCA cycle management in reducing the unqualified rate of test samples

作　　者：王婉妮 汪文煌 陈雅斌[1] 林振忠[1] Wang Wanni;Wang Wenhuang;Chen Yabin;Lin Zhenzhong(Department of Laboratory,Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University,Quanzhou 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院检验科,泉州362000

出　　处：《实用医技杂志》2025年第1期66-69,I0002,共5页Journal of Practical Medical Techniques

摘　　要：目的研究PDCA循环管理在降低住院患者标本不合格率中的应用价值。方法统计方案实施前(2022年11月至2023年4月)、方案实施后(2023年11月至2024年4月)泉州市第一医院临床所有科室送往检验科的住院患者标本总不合格率,同时分别统计标本类型错误率、标本容器错误率、标本采集量错误率、抗凝标本凝集率、标本溶血率;采用鱼骨图对标本不合格原因进行分析,分别比较所有科室和入科培训科室方案实施前后不合格率水平差异。结果方案实施后,所有科室总体标本不合格率明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。其中标本类型错误率和标本采集量错误率不合格率明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001);标本容器错误率和标本溶血率不合格率水平差异无统计学意义(P=0.079,0.822);抗凝标本凝集率不合格率升高,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.012)。入科培训科室总体不合格率明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。其中标本类型错误率、标本容器错误率、标本溶血率、标本采集量错误率和抗凝标本凝集率不合格率均明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且入科培训科室和所有科室相比总不合格率下降幅度更大。结论运用PDCA循环管理能有效降低检验标本的不合格率,且以入科培训效果更为明显。Objective To study the application value of PDCA cycle management in reducing the unqualified rate of inspection specimens from inpatients.Methods The total unqualified rate of inspection speci-mens from all clinical departments of Quanzhou First Hospital sent to the Laboratory during the implementation of the scheme(November 2022 to April 2023)and after the implementation of the scheme(November 2023 to April 2024)were statistically analyzed.Meanwhile,the error rates of specimen types,specimen containers,specimen collection volumes,clotting rates of anticoagulated specimens,and rates of specimen hemolysis were separately calculated.A fishbone diagram was used to analyze the causes of specimen unqualification,and the differences in unqualified rates before and after the implementation of the scheme were compared between all departments and the departments receiving indepartment training.Results After the implementation of the scheme,the overall unqualified rate of specimens in all departments significantly decreased,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.001).The unqualified unqualification rates of specimen type error and specimen collection volume error significantly decreased,with statistically significant differences(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the unqualified rates of specimen container error and specimen hemolysis(P=0.079,0.822).the unqualified rate of clotting in anticoagulated specimens increased significantly,with a statistically significant difference(P=0.012).The overall unqualified rate in the departments receiving in-department training significantly decreased,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.001).The unqualified rates of specimen type error,specimen container error,specimen hemolysis,specimen collection volume error,and clotting in anticoagulated specimens all significantly decreased,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05),and the decrease in the overall unqualified rate in the in-department training departments was greater than that in all depar

关 键 词：实验室管理 实验室样品 不合格率 PDCA循环管理 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]