全球镍供需现状及对中国镍资源保障的建议  

Global nickel supply and demand and suggestions on ensuring China's nickel supply

作　　者：吴晓然 徐爱东 安宴 WU Xiaoran;XU Aidong;AN Yan(Beijing Antaike Information Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100038,China;Consulting and Research Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035,China)

机构地区：[1]北京安泰科信息股份有限公司,北京100038 [2]自然资源部咨询研究中心,北京100035

出　　处：《自然资源情报》2024年第10期62-70,共9页Natural Resources Information

摘　　要：镍是重要的工业金属,全球多个国家和地区将其列为关键矿产或战略性矿产。但是,全球镍资源禀赋和消费不匹配,生产集中度较高,主要消费国对外依存度较高。本文从镍资源储量、生产、消费、贸易等多个维度,综合分析当前全球镍供需现状。研究表明,全球原生镍消费增长主要由不锈钢与新能源领域驱动,中国是全球原生镍消费量最大与增速最快的国家,但中国镍资源储量有限,进口来源集中度较高,主要从印度尼西亚和菲律宾进口,因而提高镍资源保障任重道远。建议国内外共同发力,推进国内镍资源找矿与消费再利用、促进国外镍供应来源稳定与多元化。Nickel is an important industrial mineral,and many countries and regions in the world have listed it as a key mineral or strategic mineral.However,there is a mismatch between global nickel resource endowment and consumption,with high production concentration and high external dependence of major consuming countries.The paper analyzes the current global nickel supply and demand situation from dimensions of resource,production,consumption and trade.The results show that the growth of global primary nickel consumption is mainly driven by the stainless steel and new energy sectors.China is the country with the largest and fastest growth rate of primary nickel consumption in the world,but its nickel reserves are limited and its import sources are highly concentrated,mainly from Indonesia and the Philippines.Therefore,improving nickel resource security is a long and arduous task.It is suggested that both domestic and international efforts should be made to promote the exploration and consumption reuse of domestic nickel resources,as well as the stability and diversification of foreign nickel supply sources.

关 键 词：原生镍 镍资源保障 镍供应 镍消费 战略性矿产 

分 类 号：F416.1[经济管理—产业经济] F125