建筑用6061铝合金的表面改性与耐蚀耐磨性能研究  

Research on surface modification and corrosion&wear resistance of 6061 aluminum alloy for construction

作　　者：孙丽娟[1] 王潇 李长青 Sun Lijuan;Wang Xiao;Li Changqing(Jilin Province Economic Management Cadre College,Changchun 130012,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Liaoning University of Technology,Jinzhou 121001,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130023,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省经济管理干部学院,吉林长春130012 [2]辽宁工业大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁锦州121001 [3]吉林大学材料科学与工程学院,吉林长春130023

出　　处：《电镀与精饰》2025年第2期61-66,117,共7页Plating & Finishing

基　　金：吉林省科技厅科技发展计划项目(20220301020SF)。

摘　　要：为了提升建筑用6061铝合金的表面耐蚀和耐磨性能,采用化学修饰法(盐酸刻蚀+自组装修饰)在6061铝合金表面制备了3种防护膜层,并对比分析了化学修饰前后铝合金试样的耐蚀和耐磨性能。结果表明:盐酸刻蚀会在6061铝合金表面形成腐蚀凹坑,并在盐酸刻蚀时间延长至100 s及以上时腐蚀凹坑逐渐连接成片;经过盐酸刻蚀处理后,6061铝合金基材表面由于化学刻蚀作用而形成了表面微纳尺度结构,粗糙度相对未刻蚀试样有不同程度提高。盐酸刻蚀后进行十八烷基三乙氧基硅烷(OTS)修饰处理,修饰前试样的表面粗糙度与修饰后试样与水的接触角呈正比例对应关系;OTS修饰处理后试样的腐蚀电位相较空白试样发生了正向移动、腐蚀电流密度减小,电荷转移电阻R_(ct)都高于空白试样、电容C_(ct)都低于空白试样,耐蚀性会相较空白试样更好;相同盐酸刻蚀时间下OTS修饰处理后试样的磨损率最低,且盐酸刻蚀时间为100 s时磨损率达到最小值,约1.32×10^(–14)mm^(3)/(N·m)。因此,采用盐酸刻蚀+OTS修饰处理可以实现提升建筑用6061铝合金表面耐蚀和耐磨性能的目的。In order to improve the surface corrosion resistance and wear resistance of 6061 aluminum alloy used in construction,three protective film layers were prepared on the surface of 6061 aluminum alloy using chemical modification method(hydrochloric acid etching and self-assembling decoration)and the corrosion resistance and wear resistance before and after chemical modification were compared and analyzed.The results indicated that corrosion pits would form on the surface of 6061 aluminum alloy after hydrochloric acid etching,and gradually connect into pieces when the hydrochloric acid etching time was extended to 100 s or more.After hydrochloric acid etching treatment,the surface of 6061 aluminum alloy substrate formed a surface micro-nano scale structure due to chemical etching,and the roughness was improved to varying degrees compared to the unetched sample.After hydrochloric acid etching,octadecyltrimethoxysilane(OTS)modification treatment was performed.The surface roughness of the sample before modification was corresponded directly to the contact angle between the modified sample and water;After OTS decoration treatment,compared to the blank samples,the corrosion potential of the samples was shifted forward and the corrosion current density was decreased.The charge transfer resistance R_(ct)was higher than that of the blank samples,and the capacitance C_(ct)was lower than that of the blank samples.Therefore,the corrosion resistance of the samples was better than that of the blank samples;The wear rate of the samples treated with OTS under the same hydrochloric acid etching time was the lowest,and the wear rate reached the minimum value of about 1.32×10^(–14)mm^(3)·N^(–1)·m^(–1)when the hydrochloric acid etching time was 100 s.Therefore,using hydrochloric acid etching and OTS decoration treatment can achieve the goal of improving the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of 6061aluminum alloy surface for construction.

关 键 词：建筑用6061铝合金 化学修饰 保护膜 耐蚀性 耐磨性 

分 类 号：TU512.4[建筑科学—建筑技术科学] TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]