山西襄汾方言指示重叠形式“这这”“兀兀”及其来源  

Reduplicated demonstratives[tsai^(24)tsai^(0)](这这)and[uai^(24)uai^(0)](兀兀)in Shanxi Xiang dialect and theirderivation

作　　者：赵变亲[1] ZHAO Bianqin

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学文学院

出　　处：《中国语文》2025年第1期63-72,127,共11页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“山西方言参考语法研究”(19AZD039);山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目“‘专思研创’四位一体的《汉语方言学》教学改革研究”(J20230575)的资助。

摘　　要：襄汾方言指示重叠形式“这这/兀兀”在句法结构中既可做论元,也可做限定词限定一般的名词性词语和指示人/物的“这_(1)/兀_(1)”,但不能限定含数量成分的词语。其功能一般用于指示客观世界或话语中或近或远的单个实体(人/物),也可以对举使用表示无指,相当于普通话的“这个、那个”。指示人/物的“这_(1)/兀_(1)”和“这_(2)/兀_(2)”语义、句法和语用均不完全相同。从音变关系、变调规律和重叠式语义来看,重叠形式“这这/兀兀”是一种次生重叠,来源于偏正结构“这_(2)这_(1)/兀_(2)兀_(1)”,经历了“这_(1)/兀_(1)+一+个+这_(1)/兀_(1)”到“这_(2)这_(1)/兀_(2)兀_(1)”的演变过程。在整个演变过程中,用于现场直指的环境起了至关重要的作用。Reduplicated forms[tsai^(24)tsai^(0)](这这,"this")and[tsai^(24)tsai^(0)](兀兀,"that")are used as demonstratives in Shanxi Xiangfen dialect.They can function as either an argument or a modifier of nominal phrases which do not contain numerals,classifiers and proper nouns.Besides,monosyllabic demonstratives[tsai^(42)](这_(1))and[uai^(42)](兀_(1))can also be modified by the reduplicated forms.In general,[tsai^(24)tsai^(0)]/[uai^(24)uai^(0)]may refer to specifie types of individuals and objects in the proximal/distal space.They can also be non-referential in parallel structures.Being distinctive from[tsai^(42)]/[uai^(24)]and[tsai^(24)](这_(2))/[uai^(24)](兀_(2))on semantic,syntactic and pragmatic levels,the two reduplicated forms should be regarded as a kind of secondary reduplication derived from[tsai^(24)[tsai^(42)]/[uai^(24)][uai^(42)]via[tsai^(-42)]/[uai^(-42)]+ye(一,"one")+ge(个,CL)+[tsai^(42)][uai^(42)].In this process,on-site direct reference is supposed to play a vital role.

关 键 词：襄汾方言 指示词 重叠式 原生重叠 次生重叠 

分 类 号：H172.2[语言文字—汉语]