不同红蓝LED光质对小白平出菇及矿质营养的影响  

Different Red and Blue LED Light Quality Effects on Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Pleurotus ostreatus

作　　者：罗媛 刘艺涵 郑文刚[1] 张馨[1] 叶林[2] 陈晓丽 LUO Yuan;LIU Yi-han;ZHENG Wen-gang;ZHANG Xin;YE Lin;CHEN Xiao-li(Intelligent Equipment Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;College of Wine and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心,北京100097 [2]宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,银川750021

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2025年第2期201-212,共12页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：国家食用菌产业技术体系(CARS-20);北京市食用菌创新团队项目(BAIC03-2024)。

摘　　要：在环境可控的出菇房种植小白平,基于15μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)和7μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)的光照强度,设置连续纯红光(R15、R7)、连续纯蓝光(B15、B7)、连续红蓝混合光(R7B7)、间歇红光(R-7)、间歇蓝光(B-7)共7个处理,以光强度1μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)的室内自然光为对照组(CK),探究不同LED红蓝供光模式对小白平出菇、光谱特性以及矿质营养的影响,以期为工厂化小白平栽培的光环境调控提供参考。结果表明:(1)B7和B15处理下小白平成菇率分别较对照提高37个和23个百分点,B7处理促进菌盖宽度增加,较对照增加13.19%,R15处理促进菌柄长度增加,较对照提高18.24%。B7和B15处理下小白平产量较高,每袋子实体产量分别为295g和300g。(2)与对照相比,B7和B15处理提高了小白平子实体的色泽饱和度(C值)和色相角(Hue值),其中C值较对照分别增加72.00%和53.74%,Hue值较对照分别增加0.23%和0.19%。整体上,蓝光更有利于小白平着色。(3)与对照相比,各处理均提高了小白平菌盖的微量元素含量,其中,P、K、Mg、Mn、Zn的增幅分别为29.55%~107.32%、30.74%~75.60%、16.19%~57.14%、23.72%~93.26%、15.23%~130.42%,其中R7B7处理下5种元素分别较对照增加了104.26%、75.6%、55.24%、93.25%和96.31%;各光质处理下小白平菇菌柄中Mg元素均表现为下降,降幅3.33%~27.73%。综上,连续纯蓝光有利于小白平成菇率、菌盖宽度、菌柄直径、子实体产量增加以及小白平着色,而连续红蓝混合光有利于小白平矿质元素积累。因此,可根据实际生产情况进行光环境调控,以促进设施小白平的优质高产。In the controlled environment of mushroom cultivation room,Pleurotus ostreatus was grown under different LED red-blue light treatments based on light intensities of 15μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1) and 7μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1).The treatments included continuous pure red light(R15,R7),continuous pure blue light(B15,B7),continuous red-blue mixed light(R7B7),intermittent red light(R-7),and intermittent blue light(B-7),with natural indoor light at an intensity of 1μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1) as the control group(CK).The study aimed to investigate the effects of different LED red-blue light supply modes on the fruiting,spectral characteristics,and mineral nutrition of Pleurotus ostreatus,providing reference for light environment regulation in industrial cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus.The results showed that:(1)the Pleurotus ostreatus yield of B7 and B15 treatments increased by 37 and 23 percentage points,respectively,compared to the control group.The B7 treatment promoted an increase in cap width by 13.19%compared to the control group,while the R15 treatment promoted an increase in stem length by 18.24%compared to the control group.The B7 and B15 treatments resulted in higher yields of Pleurotus ostreatus,with yields of 295g and 300g per bag respectively.(2)Compared to the control group,the B7 and B15 treatments increased the color saturation(C value)and Hue angle(Hue value)of Pleurotus ostreatus fruiting bodies.C value increased by 72.00%and 53.74%,respectively,compared to the control group,while the Hue values increased by 0.23%and 0.19%respectively compared to the control group.Overall,blue light was more conducive to the coloration of Pleurotus ostreatus.(3)Compared to the control group,all treatments increased the content of trace elements in the cap of Pleurotus ostreatus.The increases in P,K,Mg,Mn,and Zn were 29.55%−107.32%,30.74%−75.60%,16.19%−57.14%,23.72%−93.26%,and 15.23%−130.42%respectively.Of these,the R7B7 treatment increased the content of these five elements by 104.26%,75.6%,55.24%,93.25%,and 96.31%respec

关 键 词：小白平菇 LED 光质 矿质营养 光谱特性 

分 类 号：S646.14[农业科学—蔬菜学]