以Fv/Fm表征的甘蔗抗寒性与原产地气温的关系  

Relationship Between Cold Resistance of Sugarcane Characterized by Fv/Fm and Original Local Temperature

作　　者：蔡博伦 卢永鹏 段维兴[2] 朱俊杰[1] CAI Bo-lun;LU Yong-peng;DUAN Wei-xing;ZHU Jun-jie(College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Sugarcane Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,南宁530004 [2]广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所,南宁530007

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2025年第2期226-236,共11页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32360254)。

摘　　要：利用广西农业科学院甘蔗种质资源圃收集的59种全球蔗区甘蔗(SaccharumofficinarumL.),在秋冬凌晨测定其光系统II最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm),结合搜集各甘蔗原产区1970-2000年气温数据,分析气温与Fv/Fm的关系,进一步分析原产美国的24种甘蔗在南宁种植后,冬季凌晨Fv/Fm与原产地和定植地气温的相关性,以期为甘蔗抗冷栽培、亲本选配、抗性育种等提供参考。结果表明:广西54种甘蔗材料冬季凌晨Fv/Fm低于0.7,表现出明显的低温光抑制。59种甘蔗材料冬季凌晨Fv/Fm和原产地热季、冷季、年平均气温差值呈极显著负相关,与原产地热冷季平均气温差值呈极显著正相关;秋冬季凌晨Fv/Fm差值与甘蔗原产地热季、冷季、年平均气温差值呈极显著正相关,与原产地热冷季平均气温差值呈极显著负相关。24种美国甘蔗材料冬季凌晨Fv/Fm与选育时原产地冷季平均气温呈极显著负相关,与选育时原产地年平均气温呈显著负相关,与引种地南宁栽植时段冷季平均气温呈显著负相关,与引种地南宁栽植时段年平均气温无显著相关性;秋冬季凌晨Fv/Fm差值降幅与选育时原产地冷季平均气温呈极显著正相关,与选育时原产地年平均气温呈显著正相关,与引种地南宁栽植时段冷季、年平均气温呈显著正相关;美国甘蔗材料上述参数值与原产地气温数据相关性更强。综上,甘蔗群体表现出典型的嗜热性,对低温敏感。甘蔗的抗寒性与原产地冷季温度以及冷热季节温差密切关联,即使经过长期异地栽培,这种特性依然能维持。To provide a reference for sugarcane cold−resistance cultivation,parent selection,resistance breeding,etc.59 global sugarcane varieties were grown in the sugarcane germplasm resource nursery of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The early morning maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II(Fv/Fm)was measured in autumn and winter.The temperature data from 1970 to 2000 for each sugarcane region were collected and the correlations between them and Fv/Fm values were analyzed.More over,the correlations between the Fv/Fm values in the early morning of winter and the temperature of 24 varieties of sugarcane originally from the United States after planting in Nanning also were analyzed.The results showed that the Fv/Fm values of the 54 sugarcane varieties were less than 0.7 in the early morning of the chill season,indicating a significant chilling photo−inhibition.A highly significant negative correlation between the early morning Fv/Fm values and the mean temperature of warmest season(MTOWS),mean temperature of coldest season(MTOCS),as well as annual mean temperature(AMT)was observed in these varieties.Meanwhile,the early morning Fv/Fm values was significantly positively correlated with the mean temperature difference between hot and cold season(MTDBHACS).Additionally,a highly significant positive correlation was observed between the differences in Fv/Fm values from autumn to winter and the MTOWS,MTOCS,as well as AMT.Meanwhile,the differences in Fv/Fm values from autumn to winter was significantly negatively correlated with the MTDBHACS.For the 24 varieties of sugarcane from the United States,a highly significant negative correlation was identified between the Fv/Fm values in the early morning of winter and the MTOCS during breeding,as well as a significant negative correlation between the Fv/Fm values in the early morning of winter and the AMT of the origin region.Besides,a significant negative correlation was also observed between the Fv/Fm values in the early morning of winter and the MTOCS during pl

关 键 词：甘蔗 抗寒性 叶绿素荧光 选育时原产地气温 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学] S162.54