缩水甘油的合成  

Synthesis of Glycidol

作　　者：王莉 孙成颖 赵志远 王亚琦 WANG Li;SUN Chengying;ZHAO Zhiyuan;WANG Yaqi(School of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering,Linyi University,Shandong Linyi 276000,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂大学化学化工学院,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《广州化工》2025年第3期65-67,共3页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

摘　　要：甘油是生物柴油生产中的一种重要副产品,将之转化为具有更高附加值的缩水甘油是一种重要的甘油消化途径。缩水甘油分子中含有环氧和羟基双官能团,可用于环氧树酯、聚氨酯以及各种新型应激响应性高分子材料的合成工作,是一种重要的化工原料。论文从碳酸甘油酯出发,在减压条件下使用无水硫酸钠为主体的复合催化剂,经高温脱二氧化碳制备缩水甘油。实验研究了反应温度,反应物配比,催化剂种类及用量对缩水甘油收率的影响,使用红外和核磁碳谱对产品进行了表征。实验结果表明,在添加了酸性助催化剂磷酸二氢钾和磷酸时,缩水甘油的产率比单纯使用无水硫酸钠有较大增长,在使用15.5 g无水硫酸钠和0.5 g 85%磷酸组成的复合催化剂情况下,缩水甘油产率可达89%。Glycerol is a major byproduct in the production of biodiesel,and the conversion of it into higher value-added glycidol is an important way of glycerol consumption.Glycidol molecule is an important chemical raw material which contains epoxy and hydroxyl bifunctional groups,it can be used in the synthesis of epoxy resin,polyurethane and various new stimuli-responsive polymer materials.Starting from glycerol carbonate,glycidol was prepared by decarbonization at high temperature with anhydrous sodium sulfate as the main composite catalyst under reduced pressure.The effects of reaction temperature,reactant ratio,catalyst type and dosage on the yield of glycidol were studied,and glycidol was characterized using IR and 13 C NMR.The results showed when acidic co-catalysts potassium dihydrogen phosphate or phosphoric acid were added,the yield of glycidol increased significantly compared to using anhydrous sodium sulfate alone.With a composite catalyst composed of 15.5 grams of anhydrous sodium sulfate and 0.5 grams of 85%phosphoric acid,the yield of glycidol could reach 89%.

关 键 词：缩水甘油 碳酸甘油酯 无水硫酸钠 助催化剂 

分 类 号：O622.3[理学—有机化学]