偏二甲肼废水处理技术研究进展  

Research Progress of Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine Effluenttreatment Technology

作　　者：王修东 任向红 李少朋 罗炜 WANG Xiudong;REN Xianghong;LI Shaopeng;LUO Wei(Rocket Force University of Engineering,Xi’an 710025,China)

机构地区：[1]火箭军工程大学,陕西西安710025

出　　处：《火箭军工程大学学报》2025年第1期122-132,共11页Journal of Rocket Force University of Engineering

摘　　要：针对偏二甲肼(Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine,UDMH)在生产和使用过程中产生的废水对环境和生物安全构成的严重威胁,归纳总结了包括物理法、化学法、生物法和联合法在内的现有UDMH废水处理手段的技术特点及发展状况,重点对当前工业应用中的热门方法燃烧法的工艺原理、研究现状和优缺点等进行了介绍。从处理效率、操作难度、经济成本等角度对目前UDMH废水处理技术进行对比分析,物理方法操作简便、经济效益高,但难以处理溶解性污染物,主要适用于初步污染物质的分离;化学方法的技术手段相对成熟、处理效率高、普适性强,但处理流程相对复杂,对操作要求较高;生物法具有污染小、低能耗等优势,符合未来绿色发展趋势;联合法综合多种技术优势,可以高效完成UDMH废液处理工作,但同时增加了处理过程的复杂性。综上,提出对UDMH废水进行处理时,需更多关注光催化氧化、生物降解等新型绿色环保技术,并采取联合方法进行综合环保处理。Considering the threat posed to environmental and biological safety by the effluent generated during the production and use of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine(UDMH),this paper summarized the technical characteristics and development status of existing treatment methods,including physical,chemical,biological,and united methods.In particular,it reviewed the process principles,research status,and advantages and disadvantages of combustion,a popular method in current industrial applications.We comparatively analyzed the technologies for UDMH effluent treatment from the perspectives of treatment efficiency,operational at difficulties,and economic costs.First,physical methods are easy to operate and have high economic benefits,however,they have difficulties in treating soluble pollutants.The methods are suitable for separating preliminary pollutants.Second,the technical measures of chemical methods are relatively accurate,with high processing efficiency and strong universality,however,the processing flows are complex and have high operational requirements.Third,biological methods have advantages,such as low pollution and energy consumption,which align with the future trend of green development.Fourth,the combined methods integrate multiple technological advantages and can efficiently complete the treatment of UDMH effluent,while increasing the processing complexity.In summary,the future treatment of UDMH effluent should focus on new green technologies,such as photocatalytic oxidation and biodegradation,and adopt united technologies for multiple environmental protection treatments.

关 键 词：偏二甲肼 废水净化 处理技术 

分 类 号：TQ013.1[化学工程]