贵州防雹外场科学试验及研究进展  

Scientific Experiment and Research Progress on Hail Suppression in Guizhou

作　　者：汪会 楼小凤[1] 李皓[1,2] 张思豆 林大伟 曾勇 段婧 WANG Hui;LOU Xiaofeng;LI Hao;ZHANG Sidou;LIN Dawei;ZENG Yong;DUAN Jing(CMA Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Weather Modification Key Laboratory(CPML),Beijing 100081,China;Guizhou Meteorological Observatory,Guiyang 550002,China;Guizhou Meteorological Disaster Prevention Center,Guiyang 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局云降水物理与人工影响天气重点开放实验室,北京100081 [2]贵州省气象台,贵州贵阳550002 [3]贵州省气象灾害防御中心,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2025年第1期58-67,共10页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42475208);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2023]一般194);贵州省科技厅项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般200)。

摘　　要：阐述了贵州防雹外场科学试验的研究背景、科学问题、研究目标、观测试验方案、初步研究成果以及未来研究方向。利用贵州防雹基地的阵列X波段双偏振相控阵雷达、C波段调频连续波雷达、毫米波云雷达等设备,开展冰雹云内部结构探测与防雹作业效果检验观测试验,获取冰雹云三维精细结构,分析爆炸防雹前后回波场、风场和微物理场的变化,为冰雹形成机理研究和爆炸防雹效果检验提供科学观测数据和技术支撑。开展中低纬高原山地冰雹云结构特征、高炮防雹效果等方面的研究,获得了新的认识,并对未来防雹关键技术研究方向进行了讨论。This paper discusses the research background,scientific issues,objectives,experimental design,preliminary results,and future research directions of the hail suppression field experiment in Guizhou.Using a variety of equipment,including X-band dual-polarization phased array radars,C-band frequency-modulated continuous wave radar,and millimeter-wave cloud radar at the Guizhou hail suppression base,the primary goal of the experiment is to capture the fine three-dimensional structure of hail clouds,as well as the changes in radar echoes,wind patterns,and microphysical fields before and after hail suppression.The study focuses on observing the internal structure of hail clouds and evaluating the effectiveness of hail suppression,providing scientific data and technical support for understanding the mechanisms of hail formation and assessing the effectiveness of hail suppression via explosion techniques.Based on three years of experiments,the study examines the structural characteristics of hail clouds and the effectiveness of hail suppression using anti-aircraft guns in mid-and low-latitude plateau and mountainous areas,yielding valuable new insights.Finally,the paper outlines and discusses key directions for future research on hail suppression technologies.

关 键 词：防雹外场科学试验 中低纬高原山地 冰雹云结构 防雹效果 

分 类 号：P482[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]