1961—2020年新疆人体舒适度日数时空变化特征及其影响因子  

Spatio-temporal Variations and Influencing Factors of Human Comfortable Days in Xinjiang during 1961-2020

作　　者：王慧 余行杰[1] 李元鹏 程贺前 WANG Hui;YU Xingjie;LI Yuanpeng;CHEN Heqian(Climate Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区气候中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2025年第1期88-95,共8页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：新疆气象局专业气象服务科研基金项目(zyq202305)。

摘　　要：利用1961—2020年新疆87个气象站逐日气象资料,采用线性倾向率、累积距平、MK检验等方法,分析新疆人体舒适度日数时空变化特征及其影响因子。结果表明:新疆年均人体舒适日、冷不舒适日、热不舒适日分别占全年总日数的45.6%、54.2%、0.2%;舒适日数呈“南疆多、北疆少,平原多、山区少”的空间分布,集中出现在5—9月;冷不舒适日数时空分布与舒适日数相反。人体舒适度日数的变化主要受气温影响显著,近60年新疆气候显著变暖,导致85%以上气象站点舒适日数和热不舒适日数显著增加,冷不舒适日数显著减少,上述显著变化的区域主要分布在气温相对较低的北疆及各山区;1997年前后人体舒适度日数的阶段性变化明显。Based on daily meteorological data from 87 stations in Xinjiang between 1961 and 2020,this study analyzes the spatio-temporal variations and influencing factors of"human comfortable days"in the region using methods such as linear trend analysis,cumulative anomalies,and the Mann-Kendall(MK)test.The results indicate that the annual average number of human comfortable days,cold uncomfortable days,and hot uncomfortable days in Xinjiang accounted for 45.6%,54.2%,and 0.2%,respectively.The number of comfortable days,characterized by pleasant conditions,is primarily composed of comfortable and cold uncomfortable days,with hot uncomfortable days being extremely rare.The spatio-temporal distribution of comfortable days shows that they are more prevalent in the southern Xinjiang than in the northern Xinjiang,and more frequent in the plains than in the mountainous areas.These days primarily occur from May to September.In contrast,the distribution of cold uncomfortable days exhibits an inverse pattern to that of comfortable days.The changes in human comfortable days in Xinjiang are primarily influenced by temperature.Over the past 60 years,the climate has warmed significantly,leading to an increase in both comfortable and hot uncomfortable days at more than 85%of meteorological stations in Xinjiang,while cold uncomfortable days have significantly decreased.Notably,the areas with the most significant changes are mainly located in northern Xinjiang and the mountainous regions,where temperatures are relatively lower.A significant change in the number of human comfortable days is observed around 1997.

关 键 词：新疆 人体舒适度 时空变化 影响因子 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]