飑线回波带后侧强风现象特征分析  

Characteristics of Strong Wind Phenomenon Behind the Squall Line Echo Belt

作　　者：田白 马中元 陈鲍发 王立志[4] 郑丽君 TIAN Bai;MA Zhongyuan;CHEN Baofa;WANG Lizhi;ZHENG Lijun(Jiangxi Meteorological Service Center,Nanchang 330096,China;Jiangxi Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Nanchang 330096,China;Jingdezhen Meteorological Bureau,Jingdezhen 333000,China;Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Shangrao Meteorological Bureau,Shangrao 334000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省气象服务中心,江西南昌330096 [2]江西省气象科学研究所,江西南昌330096 [3]景德镇市气象局,江西景德镇333000 [4]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [5]上饶市气象局,江西上饶334000

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2025年第1期137-146,共10页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类-XDA19040202);国家自然科学基金项目(41975001);国家自然科学基金项目(41675029);江西省科学技术厅2021年省级科技计划项目(20212ABC03A29)。

摘　　要：利用雷达拼图、风廓线雷达等数据,采用雷达气象学分析原理和方法,对2018年5月18—19日江西北部强飑线过程进行分析,结果表明:飑线过程中,有23站出现≥17.2 m/s的大风,最大风速出现在铅山(27.9 m/s);有3站日降水量≥50.0 mm,最大日降水出现在万年县(101.7 mm)。影响天气系统主要有高空低槽、切变线、低空急流和超低空西南急流、地面冷锋和200 hPa分流区。雷达拼图上,飑线后部强风简称“飑后强风(Strong Wind Behind Squall,SWBS),属于中小尺度,是从飑线回波带后部高空插入飑线内部的强风区(带)。飑线回波带后部是大范围混合型降水回波。500hPa垂直速度场,飑线后部具有下沉气流负速度区和上升气流正速度中心。风廓线雷达TWP产品显示1500m高度飑线回波带风向突转北风,风速加大,飑线后部有≥20 m/s的强风带;飑线过境时,大气折射指数C2n增至-16~-12 m^(-2/3),并维持4~5 h。单部雷达PUP产品显示超级单体组合反射率因子CR强度≥60 dBZ,回波顶高ET达14~15 km,垂直积分液态水含量VIL达60kg/m^(2),具有回波墙、悬挂、中气旋、中层径向辐合区等回波特征。To better understand the development and maintenance of the squall line echo belt and its relationship with high-altitude winds behind the squall line,radar mosaics,wind profile radar,and additional meteorological data were used to analyze the strong squall line event in northern Jiangxi Province during May 18-19,2018,employing radar meteorological analysis principles and methods.The results indicated that 23 stations recorded strong winds≥17.2 m/s during the squall line event,with the maximum wind speed recorded at Qianshan(27.9 m/s).Three stations reported daily precipitation≥50.0 mm,with the highest daily rainfall occurring in Wannian County(101.7 mm).Key factors influencing the weather system included the high-altitude trough,shear line,low-level jet stream,ultra-low-level southwest jet stream,surface cold front,and the 200 hPa divergence zone,which contributed to the system's development.In the radar mosaics,the Strong Wind Behind Squall(SWBS)appeared as a strong wind zone(belt)of medium to small scale,extending from the rear of the squall line echo belt.The squall line echo belt showed that the rear of the squall line was associated with a large-scale mixed precipitation echo.In the 500 hPa vertical velocity field,a downdraft zone with negative velocity and an updraft center with positive velocity were observed behind the squall line.The wind profile radar TWP product revealed that the wind direction at a height of 1500 meters within the squall line echo belt suddenly shifted to the north,accompanied by a marked increase in wind speed.A strong wind belt with speeds≥20 m/s was identified behind the squall line.As the squall line passed through,the atmospheric refractive index(Cn2)increased to values between-16 and-12 m^(⁻²/³),indicating changes in atmospheric conditions,and remained elevated for 4-5 hours.The single radar PUP product showed that the reflectivity factor(CR)of the supercell combination exceeded 60 dBZ,the echo top(ET)reached heights of 14-15 km,and the vertical integrated liquid wate

关 键 词：江西飑线 飑后强风(SWBS) 风廓线特征 回波特征 

分 类 号：P425[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]