超强台风“利奇马”(1909)极端降水研究回顾  

Review of research on extreme precipitation induced by Super Typhoon Lekima(1909)

作　　者：王雯静 任福民[1] 贾莉 马蕴琦 WANG Wenjing;REN Fumin;JIA Li;MA Yunqi(State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;National Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081,China;CMA·Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Henan Meteorological Observatory,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081 [2]国家气象中心,北京100081 [3]中国气象局·河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室,河南郑州450003 [4]河南省气象台,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《海洋气象学报》2025年第1期90-103,共14页Journal of Marine Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42275037);中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2023Z016)。

摘　　要：1909号台风“利奇马”是1949—2019年登陆浙江的第三强台风,影响中国中东部大部分省份,风雨强度大、极端性显著、灾害损失严重。台风降水主要影响浙江和山东两地,分别对应两大降水阶段。为更全面地认识此次过程,从大尺度天气形势、台风自身强度、动热力因子、云微物理、水汽和能量输送以及地形等方面对“利奇马”引发的两个阶段极端降水的异同成因进行回顾总结。稳定的环流形势及其良好配置、充足的水汽和能量以及双台风作用均是贯穿整个极端降水过程的有利因子。台风自身高强度、地形增幅作用、良好的动热力条件以及云微物理过程的有利影响是造成第一阶段浙江极端降水的独特成因;而第二阶段山东极端降水的独特成因是西风槽冷空气入侵和台风长时间影响。此外,对“利奇马”极端降水过程进一步研究方向进行讨论。Typhoon Lekima(1909)is the third strongest typhoon among those that make landfall in Zhejiang from 1949 to 2019.It affects most provinces in central and eastern China with high intensity and significant extremity of rainstorms,causing serious disaster losses.The typhoon-induced precipitation mainly affects Zhejiang and Shandong,corresponding to the two major precipitation stages.To understand this process more comprehensively,this paper reviews and summarizes the common and different reasons between the two precipitation stages in terms of large-scale weather situation,the intensity of Lekima,dynamic and thermal factors,cloud microphysics,transport of water vapor and energy,and topography.The stable circulation with good configuration,sufficient water vapor and energy,as well as the effect of binary typhoons are favorable factors throughout the whole process.The high intensity of Lekima,the amplification of topography,good dynamic and thermal conditions and beneficial effects of cloud microphysical process are the characteristic causes of the first precipitation stage in Zhejiang,while the special causes of the second precipitation stage in Shandong are the invasion of cold air from the westerly trough and the prolonged effects of the typhoon.In addition,the directions for further research on the extreme precipitation induced by Lekima are discussed.

关 键 词：台风“利奇马” 极端降水 成因 研究回顾 

分 类 号：P458.124[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]