马克思公共性思想的历史嬗变  

The Historical Evolution of Marx's Public Concept

作　　者：张镭宇 ZHANG Lei-yu(School of Philosophy and Religious Studies,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学哲学与宗教学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《哈尔滨师范大学社会科学学报》2025年第1期1-9,共9页Journal of Social Science of Harbin Normal University

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目“财富与劳动视域的马克思共和国思想及其社会政治哲学研究”(20BZX003);中央民族大学博士研究生自主科研项目“开掘马克思辩证法的真实内涵——基于学术史的讨论”(BZKY2024122)。

摘　　要：马克思公共性思想的形成与发展是贯穿于马克思一生的从抽象到具体、从公共性思想一般到公共性思想特殊的不断生成的嬗变历程。《博士论文》《黑格尔法哲学批判》与《德法年鉴》时期对人类的存在与发展状态的观照与探讨构成了马克思公共性思想的开端。马克思公共性思想一般逐步展开于《1844年经济学哲学手稿》《德意志意识形态》与《共产党宣言》中,并且以“自由人联合体”的出场作为其成熟的标志。从《资本论》及其手稿经由《法兰西内战》到《哥达纲领批判》的思想历程中,政治经济学批判的推进与辩证法的贯彻促使马克思公共性思想特殊不断生成。考察马克思公共性思想的历史嬗变,能为回应数字经济时代的个人与共同体关系问题带来历史唯物主义的方法论启示。to concrete and from Marx's public concept in general to Marx's public concept in special throughout Marx's life.The observation and discussion of human existence and development during the period of Doctoral Dissertation,Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right and German-French Yearbook constitute the beginning of Marx's public concept.The gradual development of Marx's public concept in general in Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844,The German Ideology and The Communist Manifesto,meanwhile took the appearance of"association of free individuals"as a sign of its maturity.From Das Kapital and Its Manuscripts through Civil War in France to Critique of Gotha Program,the promotion of criticism of political economy and the implementation of dialectics made Marx's public thought in special.Exploring the historical evolution of Marx's public concept brings the methodological enlightenment of historical materialism in response to the relationship between individual and community in the era of digital economy.

关 键 词：马克思 公共性思想一般 公共性思想特殊 自由人联合体 历史唯物主义 

分 类 号：B03[哲学宗教—哲学理论] A81