医患共同决策在眼科治疗中的应用现状  

Application of shared decision making in ophthalmic treatment

作　　者：李想 王丹[1] 宋爽[1] 孙晶[2] LI Xiang;WANG Dan;SONG Shuang;SUN Jing(Ophthalmology,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730;Anesthesia Recovery Room,the First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]北京医院眼科、国家老年医学中心、中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,100730 [2]吉林大学第一医院麻醉苏醒室,130012

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2024年第6期120-123,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:82401288),北京医院人才支撑专项(编号:BJ-2024-255)。

摘　　要：医患共同决策(SDM)是医患双方共同对医疗过程中的诊疗、护理等方面的相关问题作出选择,这种医疗模式特别适用于眼科慢性疾病患者的管理,让患者有更多的机会与医护沟通治疗护理方案,并达成一致决策。笔者查阅了国内外SDM在眼科治疗中应用相关文献,总结了SDM在眼科实施的意义:提高医疗决策效能,降低决策困境;提高服务质量、改善患者满意度;提高患者用药依从性;改善患者焦虑、抑郁情绪。分析了SDM在临床实施遇到的困境:患者因素包括:缺乏疾病相关知识、医疗支付能力、自身健康素养及情绪控制力等;医护人员因素包括:缺乏SDM应用经验、缺乏良好的沟通技能、缺少足够的诊疗时间及缺乏相关疾病的教育资源。希望未来有更多的研究指导临床应用,为眼科开展医患共同决策提供参考。Shared decision-making(SDM)is the choice of diagnosis and treatment,nursing and other aspects in the medical process.This medical mode is especially suitable for the management of patients with chronic diseases in the field of ophthalmology,so that patients have more opportunities to communicate with medical treatment and nursing plan,and reach a consensus deci-sion.The author reviewed literature of SDM in ophthalmology therapy and summarized the significance of SDM in ophthalmology:ef-fectiveness decision-making of medical,improving service quality and patient satisfaction,improving patient medication compliance and improving patient anxiety and depression.Analyzed the difficulties of SDM in clinical implementation:patients'own factors in-clude lack of disease-related knowledge,medical payment ability,health literacy and emotional factors;medical staff include lack of factors in SDM application experience,lack of good communication skills,lack of sufficient time for diagnosis and treatment,and lack of educational resources for related diseases.We hope that future research will address the clinical application guidance and provide a reference for the implementation of SDM in the ophthalmology.

关 键 词：眼科 共同决策 临床应用 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]