药物毒理学技术的发展  

The development of pharmacotoxicological techniques

作　　者：刘倩[1] 刘志伟 顾爱华[1] LIU Qian;LIU Zhi-wei;GU Ai-hua(School Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,南京211166

出　　处：《中国新药杂志》2025年第1期66-72,共7页Chinese Journal of New Drugs

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(82204077);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20220319);南京医科大学教育研究课题立项项目(2023LX032)。

摘　　要：药物毒理学是一门研究化学物质对生物体影响的科学,旨在确保药物的安全性和有效性。经过数世纪的发展,药物毒理学已经从直观观察演变为高度专业化的学科,这得益于细胞生物学、分子生物学和计算机科学等领域的技术进步。面对日益复杂的化合物安全评价性需求时,传统药物毒理学主要依赖于动物实验和体外研究的方法需要持续改进。现代药物毒理学已经开始利用创新技术,如诱导多能干细胞、三维组织模型、微生理系统、高级成像技术、人工智能、高通量筛选技术以及有害结局路径等,以提升研究的精确性和可靠性。总体而言,药物毒理学在保障人类健康方面发挥至关重要的作用,需要不断适应新的挑战并持续发展。Pharmacotoxicology,as a discipline that examines the impact of chemical substances on living organisms,strives to guarantee the safety and efficacy of drugs.With the advancement of technology in the fields of cell biology,molecular biology,and computer science,pharmacotoxicology has evolved from intuitive observation into a highly specialized discipline over the course of centuries.Traditional drug toxicology primarily relies on animal experiments and in vitro studies,yet these methods require ongoing improvement to meet the increasingly complex demands of compound safety evaluation.Modern drug toxicology has embraced innovative technologies such as induced pluripotent stem cells,three-dimensional tissue models,microphysiological systems,advanced imaging techniques,artificial intelligence,high-throughput screening,and adverse outcome pathway to enhance the precision and dependability of research.In summary,pharmacotoxicology plays a pivotal role in safeguarding human health and necessitates ongoing adaption to novel challenges and consistent advancement.

关 键 词：药物毒理学 诱导多能干细胞 三维组织模型 微生理系统 高级成像技术 人工智能 高通量筛选技术 有害结局路径 

分 类 号：R99[医药卫生—毒理学]