生物基改性纳米P-N-Si协效阻燃聚氨酯泡沫的制备与研究  

Preparation and Study of Bio-based Modified P-N-Si Nanometer Co-efficent Flame Retardant Polyurethane Foam

作　　者：蔡军 陈鑫宇 谷晓昱[2] 孙军[2] 李洪飞[2] 张胜[2] 范瑞兰[3] CAI Jun;CHEN Xinyu;GU Xiaoyu;SUN Jun;LI Hongfei;ZHANG Sheng;FAN Ruilan(Suqian Liansheng Auxiliary Co.,Ltd.,Suqian 223834,China;State Key Laboratory of Organic and Inorganic Composites,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China)

机构地区：[1]宿迁联盛助剂有限公司,江苏宿迁223834 [2]北京化工大学有机无机复合材料国家重点实验室,北京100029 [3]内蒙古大学化学化工学院内蒙古精细有机合成重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《塑料科技》2025年第1期61-67,共7页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金资助项目(2019 MS02007)。

摘　　要：硬质聚氨酯泡沫(PU)是一种主链含有大量氨基甲酸酯基(—NHCOO—)重复结构单元的有机高分子材料,遇火极易被点燃。为改善其燃烧性能,研究以m-SiO_(2)为硅源,植酸(PA)为酸源,4-氨基吡啶(4-AP)为氮源,同时选用过渡金属离子Zn^(2+)为催化成炭剂,采用逐层改性的方式制备生物基改性P-N-Si系阻燃剂m-SKAPA-Zn。按照质量分数5%、10%、15%的比例添加到PU中,制备阻燃PU复合材料。结果表明:随着m-SKAPA-Zn添加量的增加,阻燃性能整体呈上升趋势,添加质量分数15%m-SKAPA-Zn的PU材料,极限氧指数(LOI)提高至22.6%,UL-94测试可达V-1级,烟密度等级降低37.5%。m-SKAPA-Zn表现出较好的阻燃性和抑烟效果。Rigid polyurethane foam(PU)is an organic polymer material with a large number of repeating structural unit carbamate groups(—NHCOO—)in the main chain,which is very easy to be ignited by fire.In order to improve its combustion performance,in this study,m-SiO_(2) was used as the silicon source,phytic acid(PA)was used as the acid source,4-aminopyridine(4-AP)was used as the nitrogen source,the transition metal ion Zn^(2+)was selected as the catalytic carbon forming agent,and the biobased modified P-N-Si flame retardant m-SKAPA-Zn was prepared by a layer-by-layer modification.m-SKAPA-Zn was respectively added into the PU at the mass fraction of 5%,10%and 15%to prepare flame retardant PU composites.The results showed that the flame retardant properties increased with the increase of m-SKAPA-Zn addition,the LOI of PU material with 15%m-SKAPA-Zn increased to 22.6%,the UL-94 test could reach the V-1 rating,and the smoke density level was reduced by 37.5%.m-SKAPA-Zn showed better flame retardancy and smoke inhibition effect.

关 键 词：硬质聚氨酯泡沫 介孔纳米二氧化硅(m-SiO_(2)) 植酸(PA) P-N-Si阻燃剂 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业]