战争与美国卓越理工学院建设——MIT案例的新制度主义分析  

On War and Excellent Polytechnic Colleges Construction in USA——New Institutionalism Analysis of MIT

作　　者：苏明 Su Ming

机构地区：[1]汕头大学高等教育研究所 [2]广东省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心汕头大学基地

出　　处：《高等工程教育研究》2025年第1期173-180,共8页Research in Higher Education of Engineering

基　　金：全国教育科学规划国家青年项目“新型举国体制高校科技攻坚的制度优化研究”(CGA230335)。

摘　　要：具有民族性和排外性的国防科研,普遍带有关键核心技术受制于人的不满情绪和担忧,强调全体系独立自主研发应对战争情况下合作网络中断危机。战争常刺激国家对本土研究型大学投资,促进其卓越科研建设。麻省理工学院是战争中后发赶超的典型高校,因雷达、原子弹等关键核心战争技术研发突出贡献而被称为“战争学府”,在利益选择逻辑、环境适应逻辑、文化认知逻辑、历史关系逻辑的学院和战争互动中,从财政窘迫的“波士顿技术学校”转型为世界一流“战争学府”。世界一流研究型大学建设和高质量服务国防科研协同发展,需要加强对研究型大学军事基础科学投资,推动自下而上不成熟领域的科学支持,孵化军民融合高校平台,建设理性主义与实用主义理念和谐并存的发展环境。National defense scientific research has national and exclusionary characteristics,and gener-ally carries dissatisfaction and concerns about key core technologies being controlled by foreign coun-tries.It emphasizes independent research and development to cope with the crisis of cooperation net-work interruption in war situations.This often stimulates national investment in local research-orien-ted universities and promotes the excellent scientific research construction of local research-oriented u-niversities.Due to the outstanding contributions in the research and development of key core war tech-nologies such as radar and atomic bombs,the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is known as the"War Academy".Through the logic of interest selection,environmental adaptation,cultural cogni-tion,and historical relationships,the college has transformed from a financially disadvantaged"Bos-ton Technical School"to a world-class"War Academy".The construction of world-class research-ori-ented universities and the coordinated development of high-quality services for national defense re-search require strengthening investment in military basic science of research-oriented universities,pro-moting scientific support in immature fields from bottom to top,incubating university platforms for military civilian integration development,and building a harmonious development environment where rationalism and pragmatism coexist.

关 键 词：国防科研 研究型大学 战争学府 文化认知 基础科学 

分 类 号：G649.712[文化科学—高等教育学]