中欧班列铁路运单物权化的探索与实践  

Exploration and Practice on the Property Rights of Railway Waybill for China Europe Express

作　　者：陈变宁 CHEN Bianning(Market Monitoring and Evaluation Center,National Railway Administration of China,Beijing 100036,China)

机构地区：[1]国家铁路局市场监测评价中心,北京100036

出　　处：《综合运输》2025年第1期151-156,共6页China Transportation Review

基　　金：国家铁路局科研项目(市场受合[2023]1号)。

摘　　要：本文研究了中欧班列铁路运单物权化的现状、问题、必要性和可行性,以及提出了相应的对策和建议。本文认为,中欧班列铁路运单物权化是提升中欧班列服务质量和竞争力的重要举措,也是推动国际陆路贸易规则创新和规则制定的有益尝试。本文从法律、业务、市场等多个角度,分析了铁路运单物权化的法律依据不足、法律效力不明确、法律适用存在冲突、操作流程不规范、信息传递不畅通、风险防控不完善、市场认知度不高、市场需求度不强、市场竞争力不足等问题,论证了铁路运单物权化在政策层面、经济层面、技术层面、合作层面的必要性和可行性,提出了立法层面、监管层面、创新层面、推广层面的对策和建议,为中欧班列的高质量发展提供理论支持和政策建议,为国际陆路贸易的规则创新和规则制定贡献中国智慧和中国方案。This article studies the current situation,problems,necessity,and feasibility of the ownership of railway waybills for China Europe freight trains,and proposes corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.This article believes that the property ownership of railway waybills for China Europe freight trains is an important measure to improve the quality and competitiveness of China Europe freight train services,and it is also a beneficial attempt to promote innovation and rule making in international land trade rules.This article analyzes the legal basis,unclear legal effect,conflicts in legal application,non-standard operating procedures,unsmooth information transmission,imperfect risk prevention and control,low market awareness,weak market demand,and insufficient market competitiveness of the property rights transformation of railway waybills from multiple perspectives such as law,business,and market.It demonstrates the policy,economic,and technical aspects of the property rights transformation of railway waybills.The necessity and feasibility of cooperation at the level of legislation,regulation,innovation,and promotion have been proposed,providing theoretical support and policy recommendations for the high-quality development of the China Europe freight train,and contributing Chinese wisdom and solutions to the innovation and formulation of rules for international land trade.

关 键 词：中欧班列 铁路运单 物权化 必要性 可行性 

分 类 号：U2-9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]