基于数据驱动的铁路集装箱空箱调配优化框架设计  

Data-Driven Optimization Framework of Empty Railway Container Repositioning

作　　者：徐能 徐文丞 李艳英 黎浩东[4] XU Neng;XU Wencheng;LI Yanying;LI Haodong(Traffic Control Center,China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China;Beijing Branch,China Railway Special Cargo Logistics Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100071,China;Train Operation Depot of Tianjin,China Railway Beijing Group Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300142,China;School of Traffic and Transportation,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国国家铁路集团有限公司运输调度指挥中心,北京100844 [2]中铁特货物流股份有限公司北京分公司,北京100071 [3]中国铁路北京局集团有限公司天津车务段,天津300142 [4]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2025年第2期6-14,共9页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(N2024X029);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2024JBZX036)。

摘　　要：铁路信息化建设累积了大规模集装箱运用数据,为铁路集装箱空箱的精细化、智能化调配提供了支撑。针对铁路集装箱空箱调配方案自动化、智能化编制面临的空箱供需预测难度大,且预测值在空箱供需差异显著时难以直接用于空箱调配方案的制定等问题,以集装箱装车、运输轨迹等数据为驱动,运用机器学习、优化理论与方法,构建铁路集装箱空箱调配优化方法框架。并提炼该框架下的关键技术,包括集装箱办理站分类分级、空箱供需预测、在途集装箱到达预测、空箱供需测算与调整、空箱调配方案编制等技术方法,以此为基础实现全路集装箱办理站空箱供需的精准测算、空箱调配方案的自动化编制。研究案例表明,所设计的优化框架能够较为有效地解决铁路集装箱空箱调配方案自动编制问题。Railway information construction has accumulated large-scale container application data,which provides support for intelligent repositioning of empty railway containers.However,it is difficult to predict the supply and demand of empty containers,and the predicted value fails to be directly used for the formulation of empty container repositioning schemes when the difference between supply and demand of empty containers is significant.To address these issues,this paper used machine learning and optimization theory and method to build an optimization method framework of empty railway container repositioning driven by the data of container loading and transportation tracks.Key technologies were designed for this framework,including classification and grading of container handling stations,supply and demand forecast of empty containers,in-transit container arrival prediction,supply and demand calculation and adjustment of empty containers,and empty container repositioning scheme formulation.Based on this framework,the precise calculation of empty container supply and demand at all railway container handling stations and the automatic formulation of the empty container repositioning scheme could be achieved.Research cases showed that the designed optimization framework could effectively solve the automatic formulation problem of empty railway container repositioning schemes.

关 键 词：铁路运输 空箱调配 数据驱动 空箱供需测算 优化 

分 类 号：U294.3[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]