考虑非期望产出的铁路运输效率RAM评估方法  

A RAM Evaluation Method for Railway Transportation Efficiency Considering Undesirable Outputs

作　　者：陈春花 王文杰 王睿智 CHEN Chunhua;WANG Wenjie;WANG Ruizhi(College of Economics and Management,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China;Department of Multimodal Transport,China Railway Express Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100070,China;Institute of Transportation,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010070,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学经济管理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]中铁快运股份有限公司多式联运部,北京100070 [3]内蒙古大学交通学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010070

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2025年第2期100-109,共10页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：内蒙古自治区哲学社会科学规划项目(2023NDC153)。

摘　　要：为促进铁路运输绿色高质量发展,基于DEA技术对其效率评估方法进行深入研究。从投入、期望产出、非期望产出3个维度建立了科学的效率评估指标体系,并构建了考虑非期望产出的范围调整测度DEA模型和考虑非期望产出的超效率RAM模型。对中国铁路运输效率进行评估的案例研究结果证实了方法的有效性,并表明:山西、河北、广东的效率排名前三;湖南、浙江、上海、北京、河南、西藏、甘肃、重庆在绿色发展方面表现优异,节约了大量的铁路能源消耗,减少了铁路二氧化硫排放和铁路化学需氧量排放;对于内蒙古、吉林、新疆、辽宁、黑龙江等铁路运输效率较低的省级行政区,主要的优化策略应聚焦于提高客运量和旅客周转量。研究成果对于提高中国铁路运输效率、优化运输结构、实现绿色交通具有一定的参考意义。To promote the green and high-quality development of railway transportation,an in-depth study was conducted on its efficiency evaluation method based on data envelopment analysis(DEA)technology.A scientific efficiency evaluation indicator system was established from three dimensions:inputs,desirable outputs,and undesirable outputs.Moreover,a range adjusted measure(RAM)DEA model with undesirable outputs and a super-efficiency RAM model with undesirable outputs were developed.The results of the case study on China’s railway transportation efficiency evaluation confirmed the effectiveness of the method and indicated the following facts.Shanxi,Hebei,and Guangdong ranked as the top three in terms of efficiency.Hu’nan,Zhejiang,Shanghai,Beijing,He’nan,Xizang,Gansu,and Chongqing showed excellent performance in green development,significantly saving railway energy consumption and reducing sulfur dioxide emissions and chemical oxygen demand.For provincial-level administrative regions such as Inner Mongolia,Jilin,Xinjiang,Liaoning,and Heilongjiang,which had lower railway transportation efficiency,the main optimization strategy focused on increasing passenger volume and turnover.The research findings have certain reference significance for improving the efficiency of railway transportation in China,optimizing the transportation structure,and achieving green transportation.

关 键 词：铁路运输 数据包络分析 范围调整测度 超效率 非期望产出 绿色发展 

分 类 号：U2-9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]