基于三阶段DEA和SE-DEA模型的城市轨道交通运输效率测度方法研究  

Measurement Method for Transportation Efficiency of Urban Rail Transit Based on Three-Stage DEA and SE-DEA Modelsmodels

作　　者：吕秋霞 王文宪 程碧荣 成琳娜 LYU Qiuxia;WANG Wenxian;CHENG Birong;CHENG Linna(School of Rail Transportation,Wuyi University,Jiangmen 529000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]五邑大学轨道交通学院,广东江门529000

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2025年第2期172-179,189,共9页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52105202);广东省教育科学规划课题(2023GXJK516);江门市科技计划基金项目(2022JC01003)。

摘　　要：城市轨道交通项目投资巨大且影响时间长,其运输效率的研究对轨道交通可持续发展具有重要现实意义。针对传统DEA模型仅能体现决策单元DEA有效或无效,未考虑外在影响因素的缺陷,采用三阶段DEA模型和超效率DEA,对2019—2023年全国24个城市的轨道交通的运输效率进行了测算和投影分析。该模型引入随机前沿分析技术剔除了外部环境因素对效率的影响,获得了更加准确的运输效率排序,并给出了DEA无效城市投入产出的改进方向和策略。研究结果表明:制式结构、交通分担率、线网条件等环境因素对综合技术效率有不同程度的影响。剔除这些因素后,平均纯技术效率有明显提升,规模效率普遍下降,综合技术效率整体略有下降。投影分析结果显示,大多数城市轨道交通资源配置能力已较优,改进幅度不大,但规模效率不足,客运量和周转量都有待不同程度的提高。Due to the huge investment and long impact time of urban rail transit projects,the research on their transportation efficiency is of great practical significance for the sustainable development of rail transit.In response to the limitation of the traditional data envelopment analysis(DEA)model that only reflects the DEA effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the decision-making unit and does not consider external influencing factors,this paper applied a three-stage DEA model and super-efficiency DEA(SE-DEA)model to calculate and project the transportation efficiency of rail transit in 24 cities of China from 2019 to 2023.The model introduced stochastic frontier analysis(SFA)technology to eliminate the influence of external environmental factors on efficiency,obtained a more accurate ranking of transportation efficiency,and provided the improvement direction and strategies for input-output on DEA-ineffective cities.The research results indicate that environmental factors such as standard structure,traffic sharing rate,and network conditions have varying degrees of impact on comprehensive technical efficiency.After removing these factors,the average pure technical efficiency has significantly improved;the scale efficiency has generally decreased,and the overall comprehensive technical efficiency has slightly decreased.According to projection analysis,the resource allocation capacity of most urban rail transits is already relatively good,with less room for improvement,but the scale efficiency is insufficient,and the passenger volume and turnover volume need to be improved to varying degrees.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 运营效率 三阶段DEA 超效率分析 投影分析 

分 类 号：U491.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] U2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]