基于实测载荷谱下的某电驱动桥桥壳结构强度及寿命分析  

Structural strength and life analysis of an electric drive axle shell based on the measured load spectrum

作　　者：姜良兴 倪大成 姚超 黄庆 卿鑫慧 JIANG Liangxing;NI Dacheng;YAO Chao;HUANG Qing;QING Xinhui(Hunan Lixing Power Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412000,China;College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;CRRC Electric Vehicle Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南力行动力科技有限公司,株洲412000 [2]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,长沙410082 [3]中车时代电动汽车股份有限公司,株洲412000

出　　处：《机械强度》2025年第2期10-18,共9页Journal of Mechanical Strength

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB2500700)。

摘　　要：准确地预估产品的疲劳寿命对于电动汽车关键零部件的结构强度设计以及可靠性设计具有重要作用。以实测强化路道路的载荷谱为出发点,提出了实测载荷谱数据处理与分析的方法,基于Miner准则,得出了车辆在空载、半载以及满载下的载荷数据,通过时域频域处理、损伤等效处理等,得到了可供振动仿真分析以及室内台架试验的关键数据;设计开发了一款平行轴式电驱动桥,针对桥壳等关键部件开展了静力学分析和模态分析,得出了桥壳不会因为路面激励而产生扭转和弯曲现象的结论;基于nCode DesignLife仿真分析软件得出了桥壳疲劳寿命与损伤值分布,通过桥壳耐久试验验证了仿真分析的准确性;基于实测的强化路道路载荷谱,在整车振动试验台上开展了15000 km的强化路室内整车振动试验。试验表明,该电驱动桥产品整体寿命及可靠性满足设计要求,同时验证了分析方法的可靠性。Accurately predicting the fatigue life of products plays an important role in the structural strength design and reliability design of key components of electric vehicles.Starting from the measured road load spectrum of the reinforced road,a method for data processing and analysis of measured load spectrum was proposed,based on the Miner criterion,the load data of the vehicle under no-load,half-load and full load were obtained,and the key data for vibration simulation analysis and indoor bench test were obtained through time-domain frequency domain processing and damage equivalent treatment.A parallel-shaft electric drive axle was designed and developed,the statics analysis and modal analysis were carried out for key components such as the bridge shell,and the results concluded that the bridge shell would not have torsion and bending caused by road surface excitation.Based on nCode DesignLife simulation analysis software,the fatigue life and damage value distribution of the bridge shell were obtained,and the accuracy of the simulation analysis was verified by the bridge shell durability test.Based on the measured road load spectrum of the reinforced road,a 15000 km vehicle vibration test was carried out on the vehicle vibration test bench for the electric drive axle.The test shows that the overall life and reliability of the electric drive axle meet the design requirements,and the reliability of the analysis method is verified.

关 键 词：商用车 电驱动桥 道路载荷谱 疲劳寿命 疲劳分析 

分 类 号：U463[机械工程—车辆工程]