大型风力机叶片碳-玻纤维混掺设计及结构性能分析  

Carbon fiber and glass fiber mixed design and structural performance analysis for large wind turbine blade

作　　者：范士杰 缪维跑 李春[1] 王海生 朱海波 岳敏楠 FAN Shijie;MIAO Weipao;LI Chun;WANG Haisheng;ZHU Haibo;YUE Minnan(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《机械强度》2025年第2期111-119,共9页Journal of Mechanical Strength

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51976131,52006148,52106262);上海市Ⅳ类高峰学科-能源科学与技术-上海非碳基能源转换与利用研究院建设项目。

摘　　要：为提高大型风力机叶片结构强度,已逐渐使用碳纤维材料替代传统玻璃钢纤维应用于铺层设计中,但碳纤维高昂的制造成本使其难以覆盖叶片整体区域。因此,研究叶片碳-玻纤维铺层材料混掺比例及相对位置对结构性能的影响有助于获得高性能、低成本的风力机叶片。通过Ansys软件调整叶片主梁对应位置的碳纤维和玻璃钢材料比例与铺设相对位置,并采用计算流体力学方法与有限元方法相结合的方式对其进行结构静力学、模态及屈曲分析。结果表明,叶片主梁使用碳纤维与玻璃钢纤维混掺铺层可获得与纯碳纤维叶片相近的性能表现;当碳纤维接近叶尖时,可提高叶片1阶模态和屈曲因子;而当碳纤维接近叶根时,对叶片最大应力应变方面的影响较小;在确保叶片稳定及抗共振性能的前提下,当碳纤维与玻璃钢纤维铺层比例为3∶1且碳纤维接近叶根时,叶片综合性能最佳。Carbon fiber is increasingly used to replace conventional glass fiber in layup designs of large wind turbine blades to improve their structural strength,but the high cost of carbon fibers makes it difficult to cover the entire area of the blade.Therefore,the research of the influence of mixing ratio and relative position of carbon fibers and glass fibers on the structural performance of the blade can help to obtain higher performance and lower cost wind turbine blades.The proportion of carbon fibers and glass fibers in the corresponding position of the main beam of the blade and the relative position of layup were adjusted by Ansys software.And the structural statics,modal and buckling analyses were conducted by using a combination of computational fluid dynamic method and finite element method.The results show that the performance of the blade main beam using carbon fibers and glass fibers mixed layer can be similar to that of carbon fiber blades.When the carbon fibers near the tip of the blade can improve the blade first-order modal and buckling factors.When it is close to the root of the blade has less impact on the blade maximum stress and strain.Under the premise of ensuring the blade stability and anti-resonance performance,when the carbon fibers and glass fibers layup ratio is 3∶1 and the carbon fibers are close to the root of the blade,the overall performance of the blade is better.

关 键 词：风力机叶片 碳纤维 玻璃钢 主梁 有限元方法 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]