5 MW垂直轴风力机结构设计研究  

Research on structural design of 5 MW vertical axis wind turbine

作　　者：朱海波 缪维跑 李春[1] 王海生 岳敏楠 ZHU Haibo;MIAO Weipao;LI Chun;WANG Haisheng;YUE Minnan(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《机械强度》2025年第2期120-129,共10页Journal of Mechanical Strength

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51976131,52006148,52106262)。

摘　　要：垂直轴风力机因其易大型化优势逐渐成为研究热点,但涉及结构方面的研究较为有限。因此,以5 MW垂直轴风力机为研究对象,提出了满足结构性能需求的叶片及支撑杆复合材料铺层设计方案。通过计算流体力学方法获得极端环境下气动载荷并加载至风力机表面,利用有限元方法对其进行静力学及模态分析。结果表明,提出的风力机叶片、支撑杆及塔架等主要结构部件在极端载荷下有足够的安全性,其最大位移位于叶片尾缘顶部,最大应力位于塔架与支撑杆连接处,最大应变位于与支撑杆接触的叶片腹板;停机迎风状态下垂直轴风力机风轮仍存在较强的扭转载荷特征;风轮工作频率小于风力机1阶固有频率,且其相对差超过10%,风轮在额定条件下不会发生共振。Vertical axis wind turbines have gradually become a research hotspot due to their ease of scalability,but the research involving structural aspects is relatively limited.Therefore,a blade and strut composite layup design solution was proposed to meet the structural performance requirements.The computational fluid dynamics method was used to obtain the aerodynamic loads under extreme environments and loaded them onto the wind turbine surface.The finite element method was used to perform the statics and modal analysis.The results show that the proposed wind turbine blade,strut,and tower have sufficient safety under extreme loads.The maximum displacement is located at the top of the blade trailing edge,the maximum stress is located at the connection between the tower and the strut,and the maximum strain is located at the blade web in contact with the strut;the vertical axis wind turbine wind wheel still has strong torsional load characteristics under the windward condition;the wind turbine operating frequency is less than the wind turbine first-order natural frequency,and its relative difference exceeds 10%.The wind turbine will not resonate under rated conditions.

关 键 词：垂直轴风力机 叶片 复合材料 结构设计 有限元分析 

分 类 号：TH133[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]