雷州半岛东部近岸海域春秋季浮游植物群落结构特征及环境影响因子分析  

Analysis of phytoplankton community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in coastal waters of eastern Leizhou Peninsula during spring and autumn

作　　者：侯迪遥 黎傲雪 吕少梁 董建宇 陈宁 王学锋[1] HOU Diyao;LI Aoxue;LYU Shaoliang;DONG Jianyu;CHEN Ning;WANG Xuefeng(College of Fisheries,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2025年第1期55-65,共11页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：亚洲合作资金项目“中国与印度尼西亚近海海洋生态牧场技术合作研究”(12500101200021002);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42306159);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515110957);广东海洋大学本科生创新团队项目(CCTD201803);广东海洋大学科研启动经费资助项目(060302022301,060302022302)。

摘　　要：于2023年春季(3月)和秋季(10月)在雷州半岛东部近岸海域开展了季节性网采调查,探究浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系。共鉴定出浮游植物5门44属131种,其中硅藻105种,甲藻24种,金藻、裸藻和定鞭藻各1种;硅藻在2次调查中均为优势类群。春季优势种为笔尖形根管藻长棘变种(Rhizosolenia styliformis var.longispina)、丹麦细柱藻(Leptocylindrus danicus)和细弱海链藻(Thalassiosira subtilis);秋季优势种则为中肋骨条藻(Skeletonemacostatum)。春季和秋季浮游植物平均丰度分别为9.1×106和3.0×108个·m-3,呈现春季近岸高、向外递减,秋季离岸高、近岸低的分布趋势。春、秋季硅藻门丰度占比均超过97.6%。春季和秋季浮游植物多样性丰富(多样性I级),且均可划分为2个亚群落。冗余分析显示,春季影响该海域浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因子为温度、透明度、pH、溶解氧、无机氮和无机磷;秋季则为盐度、温度和叶绿素a(p<0.01)。Based on the seasonal net sampling conducted in the coastal waters of the eastern Leizhou Peninsula during spring and autumn of 2023,we investigated the structural characteristics of the phytoplankton community and its relationship with environmental factors.A total of 131 species of phytoplankton which belong to 5 phyla and 44 genera had been identified,including 105 species of Bacillariophyta,24 species of Pyrrhophyta,and one species each of Chrysophyta,Euglenophyta and Haptophyta.Bacillariophyta was the dominant group in both spring and autumn.The dominant species in spring were Rhizosolenia styliformis var.longispina,Leptocylindrus danicus,and Thalassiosira subtilis,while the dominant species was Skeletonema costatum in autumn.The average phytoplankton abundances were 9.1×106 cells·m-3 in spring and 3.0×108 cells·m-3 in autumn,respectively.In spring,phytoplankton abundance exhibited a trend of being higher nearshore and decreasing off-shore,whereas in autumn,the abundance was higher offshore and lower nearshore.The proportion of Bacillariophyta exceeded 97.6%in both seasons.Phytoplankton diversity was high in both spring and autumn(Diversity level I),and could be divided into two sub-communities in each season.Redundancy analysis indicates that the primary environmental factors influencing the phytoplankton community structure in this region during spring were temperature,transparency,pH,dissolved oxygen,inorganic nitrogen and inorganic phosphorus,while during autumn,the main factors were salinity,temperature and chlorophyll a(p<0.01).

关 键 词：浮游植物群落 环境因子 冗余分析 雷州湾 

分 类 号：S932[农业科学—渔业资源]