不同水草种类的中华绒螯蟹养殖池塘水质量评价  

Water quality evaluation for Eriocheir sinensis aquaculture ponds with different aquatic plants

作　　者：华清红 赵雨轩 肖霖 徐克 葛永春 孙云飞 成永旭[1,2,4,5] HUA Qinghong;ZHAO Yuxuan;XIAO Lin;XU Ke;GE Yongchun;SUN Yunfei;CHENG Yongxu(Shanghai Ocean University/Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fishery Cultivation and Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Ocean University/National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Aquatic Sciences,Shanghai 201306,China;Suqian Huangdun Lake Industrial Development Co.Ltd.,Suqian 223800,China;Shanghai Ocean University/Fish Nutrition and Environmental Ecology Research Center,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Ocean University/Shanghai Aquaculture Engineering Center,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学/农业农村部稻渔综合种养生态重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学/水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [3]宿迁市黄墩湖实业发展有限公司,江苏宿迁223800 [4]上海海洋大学/农业农村部鱼类营养和环境生态研究中心,上海201306 [5]上海海洋大学/上海水产养殖工程中心,上海201306

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2025年第1期131-139,共9页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-48)。

摘　　要：为探讨零换水养殖模式下不同水草种类对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)养殖池塘水质的影响,通过单因素评价法、平均污染指数、断面综合水质指数(Comprehensive water quality index, CWQI)和主成分分析法评估了养殖池塘水质。种植水草的种类为伊乐藻(Elodea nuttallii)、苦草(Vallisneria natans)和轮叶黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata),分别记为Class Ⅰ—Ⅲ组,水源组为对照组,记为CK。选取pH、溶解氧(Dissolved oxygen, DO)、高锰酸钾指数(CODMn)、总氮(Total nitrogen, TN)、氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、硝酸盐氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)、总磷(Total phosphorus, TP)、磷酸盐(PO_(4)^(3-)-P)和亚硝酸盐氮(NO_(2)^(-)-N)作为监测水质指标。结果显示,各组单因素评价均为Ⅴ类水质,主要污染物为TN和TP;Class Ⅰ—Ⅲ组池塘的平均污染指数分别为1.65、1.59、2.97,对照组为2.00;Class Ⅰ和Class Ⅱ组池塘的CWQI水质评价等级优于其他2组;Class Ⅰ—Ⅲ组池塘主成分得分总体低于CK组。综上,零换水养殖模式下种植伊乐藻或苦草,与外界水源比较,水质均有所好转。To investigate the effects of different aquatic plants on the water quality in Eriocheir sinensis aquaculture ponds with the zero-exchange water aquaculture mode,we evaluated the water quality of aquaculture ponds by single factor evaluation method,average pollution index,comprehensive water quality index(CWQI)and principal component analysis.The aquatic plants planted were Elodea nuttallii(Class I group),Vallisneria natans(Class II group)and Hydrilla verticillate(Class III group),and the water source group is the control group(CK group).We observed the water quality monitoring indexes including pH,dissolved oxygen(DO),potassium permanganate index(CODMn),total nitrogen(TN),ammoniacal nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N),nitrite nitrogen(NO_(2)^(-)-N),total phosphorus(TP)and phosphate(PO_(4)^(3-)-P).The results show that the single factor evaluation for each group's water quality was Grade V.TN and TP were the primary contaminants.The average pollution index of Class I-III groups was 1.65,1.59 and 2.97,respectively,while that of the control group was 2.00.The CWQI evaluation grade of water quality in Class I and II groups was better than that in the other two groups.The principal component scores of Class I-III groups were generally lower than those of CK group.In summary,compared with the external water source,culturing E.nuttallii or V.natans with the zero-exchange water mode can improve water quality.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 零换水养殖模式 水草 水质评价 

分 类 号：S949[农业科学—水产养殖]