不同日龄四指马鲅幼鱼肠道结构和菌群组成变化分析  

Analysis of changes in intestinal structure and microbial composition in Elentheronema tetradactylum juvenile at different days of age

作　　者：冯元泰 史荣君[2] 李俊伟[2] 区又君[2] 齐占会[2] 黄洪辉[2] 贾旭颖 FENG Yuantai;SHI Rongjun;LI Junwei;OU Youjun;QI Zhanhui;HUANG Honghui;JIA Xuying(College of Fisheries,Tianjin Agriculture University/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture,Tianjin 300384,China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院/天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300384 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2025年第1期153-163,共11页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2023TD15);广东省省级乡村振兴战略专项资金种业振兴项目(2022-SPY-00-013,2024-SPY-00-012)。

摘　　要：为研究四指马鲅(Elentheronema tetradactylum)幼鱼的肠道发育规律和菌群变化特征,为其健康养殖和饵料投喂管理提供科学依据,采集了养殖实验过程中不同日龄(37、44、58、72、86和114日龄)的四指马鲅,并结合生长性能、肠道组织结构、肠道菌群组成变化等指标进行研究。结果显示:各日龄幼鱼间的生长性能存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。随着鱼苗日龄增加,其肠道绒毛长度、宽度、肌层厚度和杯状细胞数量等逐渐增加,在58日龄时肠道结构相对完善。在幼鱼肠道中共鉴定出40个门和521个属的微生物,在门水平上,变形菌门、放线菌门和厚壁菌门为优势菌门,占所有肠道细菌的78.69%。在属水平上,不同日龄的优势菌属存在显著性差异(p<0.05),丰度变化较大。伯克氏菌属(Burkholderia)、弧菌属(Vibrio)、罗尔斯通氏菌属(Ralstonia)与绒毛长度和肌层厚度均呈显著正相关性(p<0.05),芽殖杆菌属(Gemmobacter)、硝酸盐还原污物球菌属(Defluviimonas)与绒毛长度、宽度和肌层厚度均呈显著负相关性(p<0.05)。转换颗粒饲料后,肠道内病原菌属的相对丰度上升,建议不宜在幼鱼早期投喂过多的颗粒饲料,且应加强换料期间的水质监管和病原菌防控。In order to explore the intestinal development and microbial communities of Elentheronema tetradactylum juvenile,and to provide a scientific basis for its healthy breeding and feeding management,we investigated the growth performance,intestinal structure and gut microbiota of the juveniles at different days of age(37,44,58,72,86,114).The results show that there were significant differences in the growth performance among different days of age(p<0.05).As the age of the juveniles increased,the length and width of the villi,the thickness of the myenteric layer,and the number of cup-shaped cells increased gradually and became more completed.On Day 58,the morphological structure of the intestinal tract was relatively well-developed.A total of 40 microbial phylum and 521 microbial genus were identified in the intestine.Proteobacteria,Actinobac-teria and Firmicutes were the dominant phylum,which accounted for 78.69%of the total intestinal microbiota.On genus level,there were significant differences in the relative abundances of microbial genus at different days of age(p<0.05),with large varia-tions in abundance.Pearson correlation analysis reveals that the villus length,width,and muscular thickness were negatively cor-related with Gemmobacter and Defluviimonas(p<0.05),but positively correlated with Burkholderia,Vibrio and Ralstonia(p<0.05).The relative abundances of pathogenic genus(Ralstonia,Vibrio)exhibited an increase after being fed with the pellet feed.It is not advisable to feed E.tetradactylum juvenile with an excessive amount of pellet feed at early stage,and it should en-hance the water quality monitoring and pathogen prevention during the feed transition period.

关 键 词：四指马鲅 生长性能 肠道结构 16S rRNA 肠道微生物 

分 类 号：S967[农业科学—水产养殖]